upper limb are much less often affected by the process of NA ( 3 ). The shoulder is the most frequent which accounts for only 5% of all Charcot joint locations ( 4 ). Syringomyelia (SM) is a rare and slowly progressive disease characterised by the
Anna Wawrzyniak and Przemysław Lubiatowski
Sohail Yousaf, Edward J.C. Dawe, Alan Saleh, Ian R. Gill, and Alex Wee
condition resulting in loss of protective sensory innervation or autonomic neuropathy can lead to CN. Common causes include diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, spinal injuries, syringomyelia, syphilis, and congenital insensitivity to pain, 3 and its
John Edwin, Shahbaz Ahmed, Shobhit Verma, Graham Tytherleigh-Strong, Karthik Karuppaiah, and Joydeep Sinha
154 and neuropathic joint due to syringomyelia. 155 SCJ changes have also been described with other systemic pathologies such as polymyalgia rheumatica 2 and hyperparathyroidism. 156 Arthroscopy of the SCJ Arthroscopy of the
Piti Rattanaprichavej, Patapong Towiwat, Artit Laoruengthana, Piyameth Dilokthornsakul, and Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
arthropathy have been identified such as leprosy, alcoholism, lacunar infarct, syringomyelia, spinal cord injury, tabes dorsalis, Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome. 2 , 3 Two hypotheses, neurotraumatic and neurotrophic, have been
Ignacio Sanpera, Sandra Villafranca-Solano, Carmen Muñoz-Lopez, and Julia Sanpera-Iglesias
syringomyelia or a tethered cord. Despite an extensive search sometimes the cause cannot be found, and we label them as idiopathic . This group still represents a significant proportion of the total. 15 Classification Accepting pes cavus as an
Amer Sebaaly, Mohammad Daher, Bendy Salameh, Ali Ghoul, Samuel George, and Sami Roukoz
examination ( 41 ). When a corrective surgery is planned or in the presence of anomalies on neurological examinations, MRI is recommended to screen for common forms of dysraphism: diastematomyelia, syringomyelia, tethered cord, dural bands, cysts and tight
