Search for other papers by Anna Wawrzyniak in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sport Traumatology and Biomechanics Unit Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
Search for other papers by Przemysław Lubiatowski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
upper limb are much less often affected by the process of NA ( 3 ). The shoulder is the most frequent which accounts for only 5% of all Charcot joint locations ( 4 ). Syringomyelia (SM) is a rare and slowly progressive disease characterised by the
Search for other papers by Kashif Ansari in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Manjot Singh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
SUNY Downstate Medical School, New York City, New York, USA
Search for other papers by Jake R McDermott in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jerzy A Gregorczyk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Search for other papers by Mariah Balmaceno-Criss in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mohammad Daher in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Christopher L McDonald in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bassel G Diebo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alan H Daniels in
Google Scholar
PubMed
patients with neuromuscular symptoms, left thoracic curvature, or other atypical abnormalities to rule out malignancy, developmental abnormalities (e.g. syringomyelia), and structural issues ( 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ). Classification Several
University of Brighton, UK
Search for other papers by Sohail Yousaf in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Brighton and Sussex Medical Schools, UK
Search for other papers by Edward J.C. Dawe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alan Saleh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ian R. Gill in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alex Wee in
Google Scholar
PubMed
condition resulting in loss of protective sensory innervation or autonomic neuropathy can lead to CN. Common causes include diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, spinal injuries, syringomyelia, syphilis, and congenital insensitivity to pain, 3 and its
Search for other papers by John Edwin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Shahbaz Ahmed in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Shobhit Verma in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Graham Tytherleigh-Strong in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Karthik Karuppaiah in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Joydeep Sinha in
Google Scholar
PubMed
154 and neuropathic joint due to syringomyelia. 155 SCJ changes have also been described with other systemic pathologies such as polymyalgia rheumatica 2 and hyperparathyroidism. 156 Arthroscopy of the SCJ Arthroscopy of the
Search for other papers by Piti Rattanaprichavej in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Patapong Towiwat in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Artit Laoruengthana in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
Search for other papers by Piyameth Dilokthornsakul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Search for other papers by Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
arthropathy have been identified such as leprosy, alcoholism, lacunar infarct, syringomyelia, spinal cord injury, tabes dorsalis, Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome. 2 , 3 Two hypotheses, neurotraumatic and neurotrophic, have been
Search for other papers by Ignacio Sanpera in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sandra Villafranca-Solano in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Carmen Muñoz-Lopez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Julia Sanpera-Iglesias in
Google Scholar
PubMed
syringomyelia or a tethered cord. Despite an extensive search sometimes the cause cannot be found, and we label them as idiopathic . This group still represents a significant proportion of the total. 15 Classification Accepting pes cavus as an
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Search for other papers by Amer Sebaaly in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mohammad Daher in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bendy Salameh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ali Ghoul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Samuel George in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Search for other papers by Sami Roukoz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
examination ( 41 ). When a corrective surgery is planned or in the presence of anomalies on neurological examinations, MRI is recommended to screen for common forms of dysraphism: diastematomyelia, syringomyelia, tethered cord, dural bands, cysts and tight
