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Omar A. Al-Mohrej King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia

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Nader S. Al-Kenani King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia

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programme should last between 3 and 6 weeks. During the functional rehabilitation programme, braces, elastic bandages, taping or splints are recommended in order to decrease ankle instability and control swelling. 65 Surgical approach Acute

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Leonardo Tassinari I Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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Alberto Di Martino I Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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Matteo Brunello I Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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Valentino Rossomando I Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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Francesco Traina Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Orthopedics-Traumatology and Prosthetic Surgery and Hip and Knee Revision, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy

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Cesare Faldini I Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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currently plenty of research about functional outcomes between DAA and other surgical approaches, as well as between DAA performed with and without a traction table; however, there is a lack of research examining the differences in the incidence and size of

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Lorenzo Massimo Oldrini Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Alessandro Sangiorgio Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Pietro Feltri Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Francesco Marbach Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Giuseppe Filardo Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

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Christian Candrian Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

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deltoid split approach OR DS approach) AND (ORIF OR deltopectoral OR DP OR Open plating)’. Inclusion criteria Inclusion criteria were studies comparing ORIF with DP approach vs MIPO with DS approach for the surgical treatment of PHFs in adults; to

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Tim Pohlemann Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

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Steven C. Herath Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

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Benedikt J. Braun Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

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Mika F. Rollmann Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

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Tina Histing Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

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Antonius Pizanis Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany

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pattern, such as marginal impactions, intraarticular fragments and cartilage damage, the attending surgeon has to choose between the different options of anterior/posterior or rarely extended or combined surgical approaches. While the Kocher

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Alexandre Sitnik Belarus Republic Scientific and Practical Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kizhevatova str 60-4, 220024 Minsk, Belarus

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Aleksander Beletsky Belarus Republic Scientific and Practical Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kizhevatova str 60-4, 220024 Minsk, Belarus

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Steven Schelkun Naval Hospital, San Diego, California, USA

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shown that in > 80% of cases CT scans provided additional information about the fracture configuration which resulted in a change of the initially planned surgical approach in 64%. 16 Tornetta and Gorup, 16 on the basis of CT investigations of

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Karl Stoffel Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Tamara Horn Clinic of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland

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Luigi Zagra Hip Department, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milano, Italy

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Michael Mueller Orthopaedic Department, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Carsten Perka Orthopaedic Department, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Henrik Eckardt Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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treated surgically (with or without open reduction internal fixation, ORIF); although non-operative measures are also used. 16 , 17 In general, it is accepted that Vancouver B1 fractures can be treated with ORIF, and some newer studies on Vancouver B2

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Eduardo Moreira Pinto Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Artur Teixeira Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Ricardo Frada Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Pedro Atilano Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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António Miranda Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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ASD has been extensively studied, although the factors that influence the potential for adjacent segment degeneration following spinal fusion remain controversial. 9 Different surgical approaches, from decompression without fusion to non

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James R. Berstock Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, UK

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James R. Murray Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK

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Michael R. Whitehouse Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, UK

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Ashley W. Blom Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, UK

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Andrew D. Beswick Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, UK

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Introduction Although several surgical approaches to the knee exist, the medial parapatellar approach has been used in 93% of primary total knee replacements (TKRs) performed in England and Wales between 2004 and 2014. 1 This approach

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Catalin Cirstoiu Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

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Bogdan Cretu Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

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Sergiu Iordache Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

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Mihnea Popa Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

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Bogdan Serban Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

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Adrian Cursaru Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

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osteosynthesis, should be avoided. Indications for surgical treatment Following a multidisciplinary preoperative evaluation, candidates for surgical treatment can be identified and optimal approaches established. The main objective in the case of bone

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Amer Sebaaly School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Sarah Farjallah Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Khalil Kharrat Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Gaby Kreichati School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Mohammad Daher School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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the gold standard in the surgical treatment of SK. However, with the advancement of the surgical techniques (Ponte osteotomies) and instrumentation (multi-segmental posterior pedicle screws), there is a shift toward posterior-only approach ( Fig. 5

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