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Bogdan Serban Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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Bogdan Cretu Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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Adrian Cursaru Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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Cornelia Nitipir Department of Oncology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Cristina Orlov-Slavu Department of Oncology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Catalin Cirstoiu Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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Introduction Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies that are all distinguished by mesodermal differentiation, with unique clinical and pathologic characteristics. Only 1% of adult malignancies are STS, which

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Maria Anna Smolle Medical University of Graz, Austria

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Dimosthenis Andreou Münster University Hospital, Germany

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Per-Ulf Tunn Sarcoma Center Berlin-Brandenburg, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Germany

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Joanna Szkandera Medical University of Graz, Austria

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Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger Medical University of Graz, Austria

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Andreas Leithner Medical University of Graz, Austria

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Soft-tissue swellings, lumps and bumps are frequently seen in routine clinical practice. However, with an estimated annual incidence of five cases per 100 000 people in Europe, soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are relatively rare and are outnumbered by

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Maria Anna Smolle Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Joanna Szkandera Division of Clinical Oncology, Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Dimosthenis Andreou Division of Orthopaedic Oncology and Sarcoma Surgery, Helios Klinikum Bad Saarow, Sarcoma Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin, Germany

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Emanuela Palmerini Chemotherapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy

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Marko Bergovec Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Andreas Leithner Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Introduction Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and bone sarcomas constitute rare mesenchymal neoplasms, with an incidence of 4.7 and 0.8 per 100 000 patients per year in Europe, respectively. 1 , 2 The majority of these tumours are located in

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Chengxiang Li Department of Orthopedic, University Children´s Hospital (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Fatime Krasniqi Department of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland

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Ricardo Donners The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland
Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Christoph Kettelhack The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland
Clarunis, University Digestive Health Care Center, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland

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Andreas H Krieg Department of Orthopedic, University Children´s Hospital (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland

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Introduction Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a relatively rare malignancy, accounting for 5–10% of all soft tissue sarcomas (STS) ( 1 ). All SSs are considered to be high-grade STS, characterized by local invasiveness and a propensity to metastasize

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Olga Savvidou First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
These authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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Olympia Papakonstantinou Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
These authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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Eleftheria Lakiotaki First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, LAIKON General Hospital, Athens, Greece
These authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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Dimitra Melissaridou First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece

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Pinelopi Korkolopoulou First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, LAIKON General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Co-senior authors

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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
Co-senior authors

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also calcified lesions but without ‘zonal’ calcification. 3 Post-traumatic MO presents clinically with symptoms that simulate bone or soft tissue malignancies. The opposite is also true, because bone or soft tissue sarcomas, especially when there

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E. Mascard Necker University Hospital, 75015 Paris, France.

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N. Gaspar Department of Pediatrics, Institute Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France

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L. Brugières Department of Pediatrics, Institute Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France

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C. Glorion Orthopedic Surgery Department, Necker University Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France

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S. Pannier Orthopedic Surgery Department, Necker University Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France

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A. Gomez-Brouchet Laboratoire d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse- Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie. 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France

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followed up in dermatology departments. Diagnosis of bone and soft-tissue foot tumours is often delayed and many malignant conditions are referred to specialised sarcoma teams after an initial inappropriate procedure. 4 - 6 The adverse effect of

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Maria A. Smolle Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Austria

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Dimosthenis Andreou Department of General Orthopaedics and Tumour Orthopaedics, University Hospital Muenster, Germany

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Per-Ulf Tunn Tumour Orthopaedics, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Germany

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Andreas Leithner Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Austria

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reconstruction of the soft tissues and a hemiarthroplasty should be best chosen to reduce instability. 10 Corresponding to this, Du et al investigated hip instability in 58 patients with total femoral replacement for sarcoma. 11 In 12 patients, a LARS

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Robert Grimer The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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Michael Parry The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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Steven James The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare, with a combined incidence of about 60/100,000 population a year. It is generally stated that there are 100 benign soft tissue tumours for every soft tissue sarcoma. As a result of this there is a low level of

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Olga D. Savvidou First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Panagiotis Koutsouradis Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mediterraneo Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Ioanna K. Bolia First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Angelos Kaspiris Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology/Sector for Bone Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece

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George D. Chloros First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece

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conservative approach is usually advocated. However, in cases of outsized tumours that may cause symptoms, excision or embolization is recommended. 75 Malignant soft tissue tumours of the elbow The incidence of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in the

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G. Ulrich Exner Orthopaedie Zentrum Zuerich (ozz), Seestrasse 259, CH 8038 Zurich, Switzerland

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Michael O. Kurrer Gemeinschaftspraxis fuer Pathologie, Caecilienstrasse 3, CH 8032 Zurich, Switzerland

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Nadja Mamisch-Saupe Klinik Hirslanden, Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Witellikerstrasse 40, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland

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Stephen R. Cannon BMI The Clementine Churchill Hospital, Sudbury Hill, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3RX, Great Britain

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cells (cytology and/or cultures). Usually the needle is guided by ultrasound and several passes may be used to increase yield. This is usually performed under local anaesthetic. This technique is particularly useful in high-grade soft-tissue sarcoma

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