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Amer Sebaaly School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Sarah Farjallah Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Khalil Kharrat Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Gaby Kreichati School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Mohammad Daher School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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presentation of a 15-year-old boy with SK. Note the ‘goose-neck deformity’ and the angular kyphosis with Adam’s forward bending test. Scoliosis may be associated to the hyperkyphosis. This may be caused by the irregularities at the vertebral endplates

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Kashif Ansari Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Manjot Singh Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Jake R McDermott Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
SUNY Downstate Medical School, New York City, New York, USA

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Jerzy A Gregorczyk Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Mariah Balmaceno-Criss Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Mohammad Daher Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Christopher L McDonald Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Bassel G Diebo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Alan H Daniels Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

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Clements DH & Huss GK . Proximal kyphosis after posterior spinal fusion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis . Spine 1999 24 795 – 799 . ( https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199904150-00011 ) 83 Lonner BS Ren Y Newton PO Shah SA Samdani

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Kamil Cagri Kose Marmara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Omer Bozduman Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Ali Erkan Yenigul Urfa State Hospital Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Servet Igrek Marmara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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previously unsuccessful fusion operation. She presented with both a severe scoliosis and also decompensated kyphosis. The dotted white line represents the planned osteotomy. c, d) AP and lateral views after surgery. There was a significant correction of both

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Alpaslan Senkoylu Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Mehmet Cetinkaya Erzincan University, Mengucek Gazi Education and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey

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angles and by which technique. The manoeuvres usually used for scoliosis correction are rod de-rotation, vertebra-to-rod, and three-rod techniques, depending on the pathology of the patient. 1 If we talk about kyphosis, the cantilever manoeuvre is

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Ilkka J. Helenius Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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increased stiffness of the chest cage. 30 Vertebral column resection Vertebral column resection at an early age is indicated for short angular deformities, which are typical of congenital scoliosis or congenital kyphosis ( Figs 6 and 7 ). 32

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Amer Sebaaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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Mohammad Daher Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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Bendy Salameh Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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Ali Ghoul Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Samuel George Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Sami Roukoz Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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– 754 . ( https://doi.org/10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181b72550 ) 27. Marks DS Qaimkhani SA Qaimkhani SA Orth F . The natural history of congenital scoliosis and kyphosis . Spine 2009 34 1751 – 1755 . ( https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181af1caf

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Shu-Hao Du Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Yong-Hui Zhang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Qi-Hao Yang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yu-Chen Wang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yu Fang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Xue-Qiang Wang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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kyphosis, neuromuscular scoliosis, neurofibroma, mesenchymal disease, malnutrition, and metabolic disorders combined with spinal malformations ( 4 ). Non-structural misalignment of the spine is mainly caused by poor posture, uneven muscle distribution

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Kaustubh Ahuja Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttarakhand, India

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Syed Ifthekar Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttarakhand, India

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Samarth Mittal Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttarakhand, India

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Gagandeep Yadav Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttarakhand, India

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Bhaskar Sarkar Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttarakhand, India

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Pankaj Kandwal Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttarakhand, India

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degrees – 3. Jain AK 2002 6 4. Jain AK 2010 7 – Pan-vertebral involvement as suggested on plain radiographs by associated scoliosis, severe kyphosis, or both The CT and MRI scans show global destruction of the vertebral body 5

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Alpaslan Senkoylu Gazi University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Rolf B. Riise Oslo University Hospital, Orthopaedic Clinic, Oslo, Norway

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Emre Acaroglu Ankara Spine Centre, Ankara, Turkey

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Ilkka Helenius University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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kyphosis, but according to the literature this seems to be minimal. Thoracolumbar idiopathic scoliosis might be an option for spinal tethering, but loss of lumbar lordosis might be an issue and there are no studies on spinal tethering in this area. The

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Henri d'Astorg Centre Orthopédique Santy, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Ramsay Santé, Lyon, France

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Stephane Bourret Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Vertebra Center, Bordeaux, France

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Sonia Ramos-Pascual ReSurg SA, Rue Saint-Jean 22, Nyon, Switzerland

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Marc Szadkowski Centre Orthopédique Santy, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Ramsay Santé, Lyon, France

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Jean-Charles Le Huec Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Vertebra Center, Bordeaux, France

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Introduction Scoliosis is a three-dimensional (3D) spinal deformity in the coronal, sagittal, and/or transverse planes ( 1 ). Nonetheless, in daily clinical practice, scoliosis is commonly assessed by measuring spinal curvature in the coronal

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