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Jun Zhang Department of Orthopedics, Joint Disease and Sport Medicine Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Erhu Li Department of Orthopedics, st People’s Hospital of Xining, Xining, Qinghai, China

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Yuan Zhang Department of Orthopedics, Joint Disease and Sport Medicine Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China

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lesions cannot be addressed with a uniformly designed commercial prosthesis. A few reports that can be retrieved are 3D printed irregular high-porosity metal cones or metaphyseal sleeves, or whole femur/tibia, combined with the RHK system for knee revision

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Daniel Bachman University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA

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Akin Cil University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA

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replacement of the distal humerus with a prosthesis designed to re-create the articulation with the proximal ulna and radial head. There were several historical devices used for this purpose although only one is currently available, the Latitude EV

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Jetske Viveen Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre and University, Adelaide, Australia
Upper Limb Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands

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Izaak F. Kodde Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Andras Heijink Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

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Koen L. M. Koenraadt Foundation for Orthopedic Research, Care & Education, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands

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Michel P. J. van den Bekerom Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Denise Eygendaal Upper Limb Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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2 (1%) were made of Vitallium. Regarding polarity, 106 prostheses (70%) were monopolar and 46 (30%) were bipolar ( Table 1 ). Table 1. Included studies. Study number First author Year Study design Failed prosthesis ( n

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Farhan Syed University Hospital of Coventry & Warwickshire (UHCW), Coventry, UK

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Anthony Ugwuoke Warwick Hospital, Warwick, UK

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to prosthesis design/technique or poor bone quality seen in rheumatoid patients. Barg et al 17 carried out a retrospective review of collected data for survivorship of Hintegra ankle arthroplasties performed in 722 ankles; they found it to be

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Filippo Familiari Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Villa del Sole Clinic, Italy

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Jorge Rojas Division of Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, USA

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Mahmut Nedim Doral Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University, Turkey

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Gazi Huri Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University, Turkey

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Edward G. McFarland Division of Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, USA

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anterosuperior approach. 6 , 32 , 84 , 92 , 100 The instability rate has also been associated with prosthesis design; prostheses with a head-neck angle of -155° have been shown to have a higher instability rate than those with a more horizontal head

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Hongfu Jin Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Shide Jiang Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, Hunan, China

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Volotovski Pavel Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Minsk, Belarus

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Djandan Tadum Arthur Vithran Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Wenfeng Xiao Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Yusheng Li Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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-related research. Emerging trends Considerations for rTSA prosthesis design The development of rTSA prosthesis design has evolved from its early simplistic designs to the current more complex, individualized, and advanced stages. Currently, the implant

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Lucy C. Walker Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Nick D. Clement Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Kanishka M. Ghosh Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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David J. Deehan Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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the surgeon to implant the TKA within +/– one degree. The refinement of robotic technology, for example, may allow this to occur and also allow for a prosthesis to be designed to the specifications of a patient’s individual biomechanics. True measured

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Hanna Wellauer Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, HFR Fribourg Hospital, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland

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Roman Heuberger RMS Foundation, Bettlach, Switzerland

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Emanuel Gautier Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, HFR Fribourg Hospital, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland

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Moritz Tannast Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, HFR Fribourg Hospital, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland

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Hubert Steinke Institute for the History of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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Peter Wahl Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
Faculty of Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland

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on the surrounding bone by increasing the surface area and designed in 1969 the ‘weight bearing ribs’ prosthesis, which was used since 1974 ( 90 ). In clinical practice, the stem showed insufficient rotational stability, whereupon the shape was

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Adrian J. Cassar-Gheiti Cappagh National Orthopaedic Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

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Rosie McColgan Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland

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Martin Kelly Connolly Hospital, Orthopaedic Department, Dublin, Ireland

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Theresa M. Cassar-Gheiti Cappagh National Orthopaedic Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

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Paddy Kenny Cappagh National Orthopaedic Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Connolly Hospital, Orthopaedic Department, Dublin, Ireland

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Colin G. Murphy Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland

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four-part classification system, and summarize the long-term outcomes and national joint registry data for each respective type of cemented prosthesis. Basic science of cemented femoral stem fixation Bone cement Cement properties

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Jonathan M. R. French Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK

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Paul Bramley Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK

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Sean Scattergood Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK

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Nemandra A. Sandiford Southland Teaching Hospital, Invercargill, New Zealand

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Two reviewers (JF and SS) independently screened titles and abstracts to identify potentially useful articles. Disputes were settled by a third reviewer (NS. Data extracted included study design, type of arthroplasty (primary/revision), indication for

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