Search for other papers by Erdem Sahin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Reha Tandogan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Michael Liebensteiner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Guillaume Demey in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Asim Kayaalp in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Patellar instability is an important cause of knee disability in children and adolescents. A recent population-based study found an annual incidence rate of 2.58 per 100 000 individuals for lateral patella dislocations (LPD), with higher rates in
Search for other papers by Daan Vermeulen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mara Rosa van der Valk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Laurens Kaas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Frank DA DeMeo PJ Akhavan S . An algorithm for diagnosing and treating primary and recurrent patellar instability . JBJS Rev 2016 ; 4 :01874474-201609000-00003. 10. Mäenpää H Lehto MU . Patellar
Search for other papers by Cécile Batailler in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Philippe Neyret in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Recurrent patellar instability is a disabling condition that can lead to articular cartilage injuries, osteochondral fractures, pain, decreased activity and patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA). The average annual incidence of
Search for other papers by Carol C. Hasler in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Daniel Studer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Epidemiology and history Patellar instabilities account for the most prevalent knee problems during growth. The overall incidence is around 50 in 100 000 children and adolescents per year with a peak at the age of 15 years. 1 , 2 Most
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
Search for other papers by Stefano Zaffagnini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
Search for other papers by Alberto Grassi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Gianluca Zocco in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Michele Attilo Rosa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cecilia Signorelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
Search for other papers by Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
been reported, confirming the possible multi-directional factors involved in this dysplastic condition. 1 Patellofemoral dysplasia, despite being universally accepted as one of the most important factors in patellar instability, represents a
Search for other papers by Panagiotis T. Masouros in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Emmanuel P. Apergis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by George C. Babis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Stylianos S. Pernientakis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vasilios G. Igoumenou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Andreas F. Mavrogenis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vasileios S. Nikolaou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
, the true extent of the injury is usually underestimated, with rates of missed diagnosis exceeding 60% in most series. 2 Instability may be evident acutely; however, more commonly it evolves over time, due to an overlooked partial tear of the IOM
Search for other papers by Cheuk Yin Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kenneth Jordan Ng Cheong Chung in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Omar M. E. Ali in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nicholas D. H. Chung in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cheuk Heng Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
positioning, infrapatellar fat pad resection (increasing joint space for buckling), alteration in patellar tracking following TKR and trauma from surgery. Greater increase in tendon buckling is known to increase knee instability and reduce the ability to reach
Search for other papers by Kara McConaghy in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Tabitha Derr in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Robert M. Molloy in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alison K. Klika in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Exponent, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Search for other papers by Steven Kurtz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nicolas S. Piuzzi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
articulation may result in pain, instability, and impaired function, especially during high-flexion activities of normal daily living. 25 , 26 Patella resurfacing management Cutting techniques When resurfacing, the goal is to restore patellar
Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Lombardy, Italy
Search for other papers by Francesco Benazzo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Loris Perticarini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eugenio Jannelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alessandro Ivone in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Matteo Ghiara in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Stefano Marco Paolo Rossi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
stress the fact that particular attention should be paid to femoral internal rotation, which, when present, can produce patellar maltracking with subsequent patellar instability 38 and stiffness as assessed by Berger et al 39 who performed a
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cape Town, SA
Search for other papers by Mark Anthony Roussot in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Fares Sami Haddad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
, which are highly conforming, have shown the most impressive in vitro contact stress properties but are unforgiving – malposition of the femoral or patellar components can result in instability, increased wear, increased shear stress at the prosthesis
