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Introduction Multidirectional instability (MDI) of the shoulder was first described by Neer and Foster as instability of the shoulder to more than one direction, without the history of trauma or following minimal trauma ( 1 ). Although
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FORE (Foundation for Research and Teaching in Orthopedics, Sports Medicine, Trauma, and Imaging in the Musculoskeletal System), Meyrin, Switzerland
Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Introduction Multidirectional instability (MDI) of the shoulder is a complex and a rare condition. The incidence of MDI is thought to be low, although the exact incidence is difficult to establish due to the variations in diagnostic criteria
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, a marked shift from open shoulder stabilisation to arthroscopic surgery has occurred. 22 The Latarjet procedure (open and arthroscopic) ( Figs 3 and 4 ) is a well-recognised and accepted technique for surgical treatment of anterior instability
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Cazzato G & Milano G . Generalized joint laxity and multidirectional instability of the shoulder . Joints 2013 1 171 – 179 . ( https://doi.org/10.11138/jts/2013.1.4.171 ) 42 Owen JM Boulter T Walton M Funk L & Mackenzie TA
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, climbers, and weightlifters, its incidence can be much higher, representing up to 24% of all young and active patients that are treated surgically for shoulder instability ( 2 , 3 , 4 ). The structural and biomechanical characteristics of posterior
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School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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JY Levigne C & Nové-Josserand L . Instabilité antérieure récidivante avec hyperlaxité multidirectionnelle de l’épaule (Recurrent anterior and multidirectional instability of the shoulder) . Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Reparatrice de l
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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JY Levigne C Nove-Josserand L . Recurrent anterior and multidirectional instability of the shoulder . Rev Chir Orthop Repar Appar Mot 1995 ; 81 : 682 – 690 . 13. Gagey OJ Gagey N . The
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biceps suspensionplasty for recurrent multidirectional shoulder instability . Journal of Orthopaedics 2020 22 473 – 477 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2020.10.009 ) 10.1016/j.jor.2020.10.009 40. Collin P Nabergoj M Denard PJ Wang S Bothorel
Dworska Hospital, Kraków, Poland
Hospital in Proszowice, Poland
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supplementary role in shoulders with rotator cuff tears ( 15 ) or in patients with multidirectional instability ( 16 ). Others, on the contrary, indicate a minimal role of LHBT in glenohumeral joint stability ( 17 ), grip test strength ( 18 ), or biceps activity
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a simplification of multidirectional shoulder balance and force coupling. Since there are insufficient static restraints in any direction, 360° around the centre of the glenoid apart from the acromion and coracoacromial arch, which contribute to