Porto Bone and Joint Infection Group (GRIP), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto and Grupo TrofaSaude, Portugal
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Department of Microbiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Department of Microbiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Introduction Infection is a serious complication that affects all fields of orthopaedics and traumatology. Even though in certain specific conditions infection can be assumed even in the absence of isolated pathogens, adequate microbiological
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literature showed that there are some diagnostic tests which are highly specific for the presence of infection (confirmatory criteria). These included sinus tracks communicating with the fracture, microbiological culture of organisms and histological features
Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
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MSK Lab, Imperial College London, London, UK
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of the disease. This has included the adoption of an international definition for PJI which includes a combination of physical signs as well as microbiological, histological and biochemical findings. 15 There have also been large cohort studies
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Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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20–30% of some series particularly in late-presenting cases ( 7 , 8 ). The culture-negative rate may be reduced with careful sampling protocols ( 8 , 9 ) but will always be a problem. This means that the diagnosis must often be established using non-microbiological
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patient is on antibiotic treatment or when microorganisms are present that are difficult to cultivate. For this reason, a PJI can be diagnosed in the absence of any positive (intraoperative) cultures. Apart from microbiological criteria, the recently
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Microbiological analysis is currently the most reliable tool to orient PJI treatment. The etiological diagnosis, based on microbiology, leads to the specific antibiotic treatment, which is the most important coadjuvant treatment to surgery in PJI since the early
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article reviews the clinical spectrum and microbiology of the most common infections of the hand, and discusses the current concepts for their treatment. The aim is to increase the awareness of the treating physicians on the diagnosis and management of
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from intravenous to oral antibiotic administration is currently a well-grounded practice. The growing clinical and microbiologic body of evidence on ‘high-risk’ children/neonates of acute osteoarticular infections warrants continual clinical extra
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antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the problem of ODRI is set to continue to pose a challenge for practising clinicians in the coming decades. The clinical and microbiological challenges of modern device-related infections The most prevalent species in
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, and 5% of the samples were predicted as resistant when they were not. They concluded that with much more research, mNGS has the potential to become the next frontier of clinical microbiology and will likely be included in the clinicians' armamentarium
