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Nikolaos K. Paschos University of California, Davis, USA

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Stephen M. Howell University of California, Davis, USA

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Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most common orthopaedic techniques performed worldwide. ACL injuries occur with increasing incidence, from approximately 33 cases in 100 000 in 1994 to between 40 and

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Francisco Figueroa Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile

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David Figueroa Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile

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Rafael Calvo Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile

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Alex Vaisman Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile

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João Espregueira-Mendes Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
Dom Henrique Research Centre, Portugal
3Bs Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Braga, Portugal

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scenario of a combined ACL and MCL reconstruction, at least one ligament should be reconstructed using an allograft to limit donor-site morbidity. Best graft in MCL injuries Again, there are scarce reports in the literature assessing graft choice

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Joanna Baawa-Ameyaw Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK

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Ricci Plastow Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK

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Fahima Aarah Begum Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK

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Babar Kayani Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK

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Hyder Jeddy Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK

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Fares Haddad Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK

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revision rates for ACL reconstructions performed using HT autografts versus QT grafts, using data from the Danish Knee Ligament Registry (DKLR). 21 In total, 16,579 ACL reconstructions suitable for the studies’ inclusion and exclusion criteria were

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Francisco Figueroa Clinica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Sotero del Rio, Santiago, Chile

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David Figueroa Clinica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile

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Rafael Calvo Clinica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile

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Alex Vaisman Clinica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile

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João Espregueira-Mendes Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Portugal; Dom Henrique Research Centre, Portugal; 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Portugal; ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Portugal; Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Portugal

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Introduction Knee septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an uncommon but devastating complication, with a reported incidence of 0.14% to 1.7% on the literature. 1 , 2 Even providing state of the art

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Mattia Alessio-Mazzola IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Unità Clinica di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Giacomo Placella Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Luigi Zagra Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Orlando Leone Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Natasha Di Fabio Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Desiree Moharamzadeh IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Unità Clinica di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Vincenzo Salini Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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RMCS III 19.7 ± 7.6 (minimum 6) *Final cohort of patients assessed for clinical evaluation at final follow-up ( n = 16); † Study group have mixed cohort of TKA performed in previous multi-ligament reconstruction ( n = 35) and

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Tianping Zhou Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Yihong Xu Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Aiai Zhang Department of Burn Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Lan Zhou School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Qing Zhang Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Zhou Ji Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Weidong Xu Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Introduction Most patients suffering from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, especially athletes and physically active populations desiring to return to physical activities, need surgical reconstruction ( 1 ). In fact, the number of

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Alli Gokeler University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Science, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands

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Bart Dingenen Rehabilitation Research Institute, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium

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Caroline Mouton Département de l’Appareil Locomoteur, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg – Clinique d’Eich, 76, rue d’Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg

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Romain Seil Département de l’Appareil Locomoteur, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg – Clinique d’Eich, 76, rue d’Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg and Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 76, rue d’Eich, L-1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg

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Introduction Athletes who wish to resume high-level activities after an injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are often advised to undergo surgical reconstruction. 1 , 2 Patients’ general expectations after ACL reconstruction

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Ulrike Wittig Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Gloria Hohenberger Department of Trauma, LKH Feldbach-Fürstenfeld, Feldbach, Austria

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Martin Ornig Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Reinhard Schuh Department of Orthopaedics, Protestant Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Andreas Leithner Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Patrick Holweg Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Broström–Gould technique has been the preferred technique for lateral ankle ligament repair. First described in 1980, it comprises direct reconstruction of the ATFL and CFL by enhancement with the joint capsule and use of the inferior extensor retinaculum

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N. Reha Tandogan Çankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkey

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Asim Kayaalp Çankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkey

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. Reconstruction of all injured ligaments should have been performed before the patient starts weight-bearing. Open medial injuries . These are usually a result of high-energy trauma and associated with multi-ligament injuries and fractures. A few simple

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Chilan Bou Ghosson Leite Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Patricia Moreno Grangeiro Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Diego Ubrig Munhoz Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Pedro Nogueira Giglio Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Gilberto Luis Camanho Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Riccardo Gomes Gobbi Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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as to describe the complication of knee subluxation/dislocation during limb lengthening. Moreover, we discuss whether or when ligament reconstruction prior to the lengthening would be necessary to reduce the risk of subluxation/dislocation of the knee

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