loss, choice of implant and level of constraint. During clinical examination, the surgeon must evaluate skin temperature, redness, swelling, deformity both at rest and during weight-bearing, peripheral pulses, range of motion (particularly stiffness 4
Francesco Benazzo, Stefano M.P. Rossi, Alberto Combi, Sanjay Meena, and Matteo Ghiara
Jun Zhang, Erhu Li, and Yuan Zhang
evidence-based guidelines. In particular, it presents specific decision aids regarding unclear issues such as the optimal level of constraints, individualized design, length, fixation of extension stems, and the pros and cons of modularity. We conducted a
Emmanuel Thienpont
. 2 Joint-level planning can also be referenced off the old prosthesis or by the algorithm developed by Romero et al, based on the distance from medial and lateral condyles to the joint line ( Fig. 4 ). 24 In cases of scarring over the medial
Thomas Tampere, Matthieu Ollivier, Christophe Jacquet, Maxime Fabre-Aubrespy, and Sébastien Parratte
revision or as in segmental TKA reconstruction for tumour. Implant type and level of constraint are related to the type and the level of the fracture and the degree of metaphyseal destruction. The goal of surgery is to provide a stable, mobile knee allowing
Daniel Bachman and Akin Cil
completely constrained. With high levels of constraint there was a high prevalence of aseptic loosening due to increased forces transmitted to the prosthesis-cement interface. Current designs are described as a semi-constrained “sloppy” hinge, allowing for
Gilles Pasquier, Matthieu Ehlinger, and Didier Mainard
levels of constraint Constraints A constrained implant is necessary when the soft tissues fail (ligaments, capsular elements and muscles) or when the bone structure is insufficient to support the load or ligament tension. A constrained prosthesis is
Piti Rattanaprichavej, Patapong Towiwat, Artit Laoruengthana, Piyameth Dilokthornsakul, and Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
been described by a single contemporary study, which would impair the ability to interpret with respect to this issue. 1 The ideal prosthesis for CNA, in terms of level of constraint, is still debated. Poor bone quality and gross instability due
David Barrett and Angela Brivio
characterise the loading and motion of the third space with instrumented jigs and dynamic computational finite element analysis ( 7 ). The patellofemoral joint appears to have varying constraints and loading, dependent on the degree of flexion of the joint. At
Jan Victor
TKA is used, a certain level of intrinsic constraint needs to be added in order to compensate for the lost stability. This can be achieved by means of surface geometry as in a deep dish or a medial pivoting device, a cam-post mechanism as in a
Pierre Hoffmeyer
at organizing video conferences and virtual meetings? After all, this was reserved up to that time for an elite of technicians or colleagues we tended to consider as computer nerds. So, in spite of the constraints, how does our orthopaedic education
