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Minghe Yao West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Tingkui Wu Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Beiyu Wang Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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attributed to musculoskeletal disorders ( 13 ), regeneration therapeutics for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) promoted an etiological treatment to stop the continuous degradation of intervertebral disc. A restoration of the spinal anatomy and

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Wai Weng Yoon Spinal Surgery Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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Jonathan Koch Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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original work is attributed. References 1. Kang JD Stefanovic-Racic M McIntyre LA Georgescu HI Evans CH . Toward a biochemical understanding of human intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation

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Eduardo Moreira Pinto Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Artur Teixeira Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Ricardo Frada Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Pedro Atilano Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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António Miranda Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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consensual definition of ASD is missing. In most studies, ASDeg is defined as radiographic changes in the intervertebral discs adjacent to the surgically treated levels, whereas ASD is defined as the pathologic process associated with disc degeneration

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Junbo He Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

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Tingkui Wu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

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Chen Ding Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Beiyu Wang Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Ying Hong West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/ Department of Anesthesia and Operation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Hao Liu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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2 The treatment of certain cervical-spine disorders by anterior removal of the intervertebral disc and interbody fusion Smith, GW 1102 17.5 IV 3 Radiculopathy and myelopathy at segments adjacent to the site of a previous anterior

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Augusto Covaro ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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Gemma Vilà-Canet ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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Ana García de Frutos ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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Maite T. Ubierna ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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Francesco Ciccolo ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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Enric Caceres Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain

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bulging, and collapse of the disc space which leads to the narrowing of the space, resulting in an increased transfer of stress to the facet joints. This accelerates facet joint cartilage degeneration and osteophyte formation. 8 , 9 The combination

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Wen-xi Sun Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hao-nan Liu Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Meng-tong Chen Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Yong-peng Lin Division of Spine Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hong-shen Wang Division of Spine Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Bo-lai Chen Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
Division of Spine Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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, but the choice of a surgical method for the treatment of DLS is highly controversial ( 3 ). Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) completes the removal of the intervertebral disc through the intervertebral foramen to achieve direct

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Diogo Lino Moura Spine Unit, Department of Orthopedics, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal, Coimbra, Portugal
Anatomy Institute and Orthopedics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

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the borders of the intervertebral disc space, allowing for a pressurization of the adjacent intervertebral discs closer to the physiological, and thus minimizing its accelerated degeneration, loss of effective load-damping function and the early onset

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Nick Evans University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK

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Michael McCarthy University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK

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contributors to slip progression, including a lower intercristal line ( Fig. 2 ), 7 tilting of the intervertebral disc, 4 tropism and sagittal orientation of the facet joints ( Figs 3 and 4 ), 8 increased pelvic incidence, 9 increased

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Hao-Ran Xu Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yong-Hui Zhang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yi-Li Zheng Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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the EIH effectiveness induced by MCE. Inflammatory Large proportion of research has focused on the inflammation pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration, which was a main contributor to LBP ( 50 ). The events initiating inflammatory

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Michiel Vande Kerckhove Ramsay Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France

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Henri d'Astorg Ramsay Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France

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Sonia Ramos-Pascual ReSurg SA, Nyon, Switzerland

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Mo Saffarini ReSurg SA, Nyon, Switzerland

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Vincent Fiere Ramsay Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France

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Marc Szadkowski Ramsay Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France

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criteria. Exclusion criteria: studies that report on patients who have additional concomitant conditions other than lateral recess stenosis, disc herniation, disc degeneration, spondylolisthesis, or scoliosis, studies that report on

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