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The alignment of the lower limb can be evaluated with standard radiographic techniques. However, the mechanical and anatomic axes of the lower limb are only precisely assessed if the ankle and hip positions are known. Standing views allow the
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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are many studies on development of decision tools, few authors have driven further development by successful external validation. 58 – 60 Methods for evaluation and monitoring models to ensure continued accuracy and performance are in their
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Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Department of Safety & Security Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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of bias (RoB) was assessed independently by both reviewers (SH and PvS.) using the Innovative Tools for Quality Assessment: Integrated Quality Criteria for Review of Multiple Study Designs (ICROMS) ( 41 ). The ICROMS comprises seven dimensions with
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
University College Absalon, Center of Nutrition and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, Region Zealand, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense (CEBMO), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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bias for each study was assessed independently and then discussed by two authors (AFB and AH-L) using Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized controlled trials 25 and the ROBINS-I tool (Risk Of Bias In Non
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texts of any eligible studies, as well as their titles and abstracts, were independently evaluated by two researchers (W-X S and W-Q H). Disagreements were discussed with a third researcher (Y-P L). Inclusion and exclusion criteria The PICOS
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
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Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Department of Surgery, Epworth HealthCare, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Centre for Hip Surgery, Wrightington Hospital, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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Orthopaedic Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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hospitals and regulatory bodies and so on. The impact of registers may be evaluated by measuring the influence on mortality, quality of care including patient safety (complications) and effectiveness (adherence to clinical guidelines), healthcare utilization
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Department of Surgery, EOC, Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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of follow-up, publication year, type of experimental treatment, and improvement in the experimental group. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2.0) tool ( 15 ), while the
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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research gap, our study considered several objectives: first, to evaluate teriparatide’s impact on BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and notably, the radial bone, identify site-specific effects, and assess its broader therapeutic potential; secondly
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
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Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
Trauma Orthopaedic Research Copenhagen Hvidovre (TORCH), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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study quality of each included study. In case of discrepancies, consensus was reached by discussion with a third reviewer. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool for animal intervention studies ( 38 ). Every domain was examined
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evaluating implant osseo-integration and discuss the role of the various imaging modalities in the evaluation of septic loosening and aseptic loosening. A particular focus will be on adverse tissue reactions. Finally, specific features when imaging big joints