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Olga Savvidou First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
These authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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Olympia Papakonstantinou Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Eleftheria Lakiotaki First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, LAIKON General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Dimitra Melissaridou First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece

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Pinelopi Korkolopoulou First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, LAIKON General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
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of the lesion with fine needle or very early in the physical history of the lesion, might be composed only of the spindle cell population component, lacking any osteochondroid elements. This may yield on morphological grounds differential diagnosis of

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Chengxiang Li Department of Orthopedic, University Children´s Hospital (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Fatime Krasniqi Department of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland

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Ricardo Donners The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland
Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Christoph Kettelhack The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland
Clarunis, University Digestive Health Care Center, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland

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Andreas H Krieg Department of Orthopedic, University Children´s Hospital (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Center of the University of Basel (KWUB), Basel, Switzerland

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cytology and histology even reported a misdiagnosis rate of 53.7% with initial cytology reports ( 16 ). SS is considered to be a high-grade STS with a tendency to be locally aggressive and metastatic; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment is crucial

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Ilkka J. Helenius Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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(anteroposterior spinal fusion) demonstrating solid spinal fusion. Conclusions EOS necessitates early diagnosis and prompt treatment to prevent severe and life-threatening cardiopulmonary compromise. Casting at an early phase may cure EOS, whilst more

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Bülent Atilla Hacettepe University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Sancar Bakırcıoğlu Hacettepe University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Alexander J. Shope Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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Javad Parvizi Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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early diagnosis. 3 , 10 Min et al reported the natural history of ONFH in 81 asymptomatic hips with a mean follow-up of 8.3 years. 11 Eventually, 32% of the cases progressed to collapse, underlining the benefits of early diagnosis for

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Jonny K. Andersson Department of Hand Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden and Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden

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great loads. Because of these factors, it is not unusual for SL repairs to deteriorate with time. From all the available evidence, the best treatment for SLD is early surgical intervention performed directly when the diagnosis is made. This provides the

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Juan Ramón Cano Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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José Manuel Bogallo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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Alicia Ramirez Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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Enrique Guerado Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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. Therefore, in unstable pelvic fractures, hemodynamic stability should be a diagnosis by exclusion. Moreover, immediate treatment of pelvic fracture is always aimed not only to avoid pain and dysfunction but also to avoid further bleeding. The objective of

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Nuno Corte-Real Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital de Cascais Dr. José de Almeida, Portugal

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João Caetano Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital de Cascais Dr. José de Almeida, Portugal

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(one ligament to three ligaments ruptured) or clinical (minor symptoms to unable to stand). Ideally, we should be able to identify which cases are more prone to develop CAI. These cases may benefit from early surgical treatment, to avoid the economic

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Alexios D. Iliadis Centre for Orthopaedics, The Royal London and Barts and The London Children’s Hospitals, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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Manoj Ramachandran Centre for Orthopaedics, The Royal London and Barts and The London Children’s Hospitals, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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inoculation from trauma and surgery. Most are primarily haematogenous in origin and result from symptomatic or asymptomatic bacteraemia 4 in otherwise healthy individuals. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are of paramount importance in achieving

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Sylvain Steinmetz Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

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Anne-Laure Rougemont Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

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Robin Peter Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

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radiographs at the early stage of the disease create a non-specific syndrome, which often causes a delay in the diagnosis. The average time between the onset of the disease and the diagnosis is four years. 6 , 7 Based on the three major series, the mean

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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain

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Inmaculada Moracia-Ochagavía Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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history of symptoms, an early diagnosis, and no prior ankle pathology ( Fig. 4 ). 49 Fig. 3 Surgical approach in tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS): 5–6 cm incision, 1.5 cm posterior to the tibial malleolus, slightly arched towards the plantar region: (a

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