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angles and by which technique. The manoeuvres usually used for scoliosis correction are rod de-rotation, vertebra-to-rod, and three-rod techniques, depending on the pathology of the patient. 1 If we talk about kyphosis, the cantilever manoeuvre is
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malalignment, which in skeletally immature individuals most often is corrected by guided growth, malrotation of the lower limb is most commonly treated with surgical osteotomy, de-rotation, and fixation of the realigned bone segments with a plate
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displacement of the patella within the groove that occurs during flexion and rotation of the tibia with respect to the femur in activity and subjected to muscle forces. In practice the principal reason for patellar maltracking following TKA is malrotation of
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. J Arthroplasty 2000 ; 15 : 970 – 973 . 16. Poilvache PL Insall JN Scuderi GR Font-Rodriguez DE . Rotational landmarks and sizing of the distal femur in total knee arthroplasty . Clin Orthop Relat Res
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thorax) during arm elevation is upward rotation, posterior tilting, and external rotation. 5 The coordination of shoulder joints depends on the pattern of muscular activation. The scapula must be dynamically stabilized in a retracted position during
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School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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orthopedics. His textbook, ‘Recurrent Shoulder Dislocations (Luxation récidivante de l’épaule)’ was regarded as the ‘bible’ for managing shoulder instability for many years ( 2 ). Figure 1 Professor Albert Trillat. The Trillat procedure
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medial cartilage and bone wear. The bone will slide up to the distal lateral condyle and too much bone will be removed from the distal femur. Posterior cartilage and bone wear The instrument that sets femoral rotation and defines the
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Casa di Cura Villa Betania, Rome, Italy
Marrelli Hospital, Crotone, Italy
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valgus, possibly acting in synergy with semimembranosus (SM) muscle activation. Additionally, the POL helps prevent excessive external tibial rotation and internal femoral rotation. Investigating the extent of injury to the POL and posterior capsule is
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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population. This structure, situated between the distal KFs and the epicondyle, was identified in all posterior dissections ( Fig. 3 ). The mean thickness, width, and length of the CS were documented, illuminating its potential role in internal rotation and
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, 18 often a result of external fixation which is insufficient to stabilize the posterior lesion. 19 Inadequately treated sacral fractures involving the articular pedicles of L5-S1 (Isler 2) 20 may lead to residual rotational instability of
