National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
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National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
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National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
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Introduction The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines chronic pain as pain persisting for three months or longer. 1 Chronic post-surgical pain is widely accepted to be pain of at least three to six months
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’ ( 1 ). Chronic pain is pain that persists for more than 3 months, even if the injury has healed. Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most prevalent causes of chronic pain worldwide, characterized by discomfort in the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and
Hand Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Introduction Wrist arthritis, either primary or secondary, is a debilitating condition that often leads to significant limitations in the use of the hand due to chronic wrist pain. When conservative treatment fails, surgical intervention is
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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Department of Surgery, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Introduction The use of radiofrequency (RF, also known as rhizotomy or neurotomy) for managing chronic pain was first reported in 1931 when Kirschner described the management of trigeminal neuralgia by applying RF to the Gasserian ganglion ( 1
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, n Studies, n Pain duration Owen et al . ( 5 ) 11/11 High Chronic LBP 5578 89 RCTs ≥12 weeks Inception to 05/2019 Bernard et al . ( 25 ) 9/11 High Chronic LBP 200 6 RCTs >12 weeks Inception to 0
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SUNY Downstate Medical School, New York City, New York, USA
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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on the extent of the curvature, with simple observation and bracing for mild cases and surgical management for severe cases ( 13 , 14 ). Despite optimal management, AIS can continue into adulthood and result in chronic pain, disability, and
Academic Orthopaedic Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
Centre of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (CORE) – Centre of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI) – Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece
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Gennimatas General Hospital, Cholargos, Athens, Greece
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vascularity. 12 Three distinct clinical scenarios have been described for abductor tendon tears. First, they may be chronic tears. These are often found in the over 70-year-old age group, in patients with persistent lateral hip pain, non-responsive to
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will complain of pain, stiffness of the MTP joint and swelling. They may describe weakness in push-off. Clinical assessment begins with inspection of the great toe for swelling, ecchymosis or malalignment, as well as palpation of the collateral
Department of Orthopedics, AZ Monica, Deurne, Belgium
Department of Orthopedics, AZ Monica, Deurne, and University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
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Department of Orthopedics, AZ Monica, Deurne, Belgium
Department of Orthopedics, AZ Monica, Deurne, and University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
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Department of Orthopedics, AZ Monica, Deurne, Belgium
Department of Orthopedics, AZ Monica, Deurne, and University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
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stability, and sectioning the muscles decreases stability. 10 Physical examination Chronic PLRI is a clinical diagnosis that includes a history of instability, clicking and lateral-sided pain with a positive clinical examination. Mechanical
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Introduction The aetiology of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) remains debated. Today, the most accredited theory reports that a non-compliant fascia stiffens the compartment that fails to adapt to increased blood flow and muscle