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Surgical Department - Hand Surgery Unit EOC, Locarno's Regional Hospital, Locarno, Switzerland
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from falls from a standing height and other low-energy trauma ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ). Different treatment options have been developed through the years, the most common being non-operative closed reduction and cast immobilization (CR) or operative open
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discussed below. Non-surgical treatment options The different modalities of conservative treatment for first-time patellar dislocation can roughly be classified into two groups. One is immobilization using a cylinder cast or removable splint, the
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, patients had their wrist immobilized in a cast or splint for two weeks which was followed by repeated clinical and radiological examination. Consequently, this approach may lead to considerable overtreatment as in the end only 4–20% of cases are diagnosed
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St George’s, University of London, London, UK
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St George’s, University of London, London, UK
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who refused treatment had 30 degrees loss of extension and 15-degree flexor lag. Pseudoarthrosis in displaced fracture in patient refusing treatment Note . OA, osteoarthritis; ROM, range of motion. Cast immobilization Cast
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Treated ankle fractures 2-6.6 weeks Cast immobilisation Conflicting evidence – avoid driving if right side casted versus no recommendations given Upper limb Cast immobilisation of left arm Avoid driving while casted Splints
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patients with different durations of hip spica cast immobilization after open reduction (anterior approach) ( 26 ). The intervention consisted of removing the spica cast after 4 weeks, followed by an abduction device for 18 h/day for 1 month, 14 h/day for 1
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland
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percutaneous fixation using K-wires and are protected with cast immobilization ( 23 ). Stabilization with internal fixation is recommended for displaced fractures, including Salter–Harris I or II fractures, even if they have been successfully reduced with
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protective sensation, standard below-knee cast immobilization may still allow significant movement at the fracture site and initiate the Charcot neuroarthropathy process. Risk factors associated with ankle fractures in diabetics It is known that the
University of Brighton, UK
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Brighton and Sussex Medical Schools, UK
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, there is no conclusive evidence to support the routine use of pharmacological adjuncts in the management of acute Charcot foot. 29 Mechanical off-loading and the role of total contact casts Prompt diagnosis is the key element to achieve
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Case 1 A 24-year-old motorcyclist sustained a fracture at the waist of the scaphoid, which was treated with cast immobilization for 12 weeks. He suffered from activity-related pain and continuous swelling of the wrist. Examination showed limited