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not been uniformly successful. This has led to a paradigm shift in approach to these injuries, from conventional to a newer concept of anatomical repair. The objective of this review article is to compare the conventional treatment of these injuries
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due to inadequate surgical exposure. 3 , 4 Anatomical considerations The two classically recognized approaches for shoulder arthroplasty are the deltopectoral approach and the transdeltoid approach. In both cases, the glenoid is exposed
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anatomical parameters we recommend an extended posterior approach with the patient positioned prone. However, the same advantages can be achieved in the lateral decubitus, which might be preferred in some cases. Usually the radial head realigns after anatomic
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surgery (e.g. the chosen surgical approach, anatomical dissection, the choice of interbody fusion, the increment of fusion, the fusion length and the restoration of sagittal alignment) may influence the development of ASD. All the variables previously
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% involvement in a surgical approach is recommended ( 35 ). In chronic biceps tendon rupture, scarring and a proximally retracted tendon, unless the lacertus fibrosus is intact, cause difficulties in anatomical tendon reinsertion ( 36 ). Therefore, non
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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one of the condyles, therefore only the ‘crossing sign’ is present. Anatomically, the trochlea appears practically normal. Type B: the ‘supratrochlear spur’ and the ‘crossing sign’ are present. Anatomically, the trochlea is starting to assume a
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deltopectoral approach, Edwards et al reported the incidence of instability without subscapularis repair to be double compared to when subscapularis repair was obtained. 29 This information may not apply when a lateralised centre of rotation is used or when
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approach. Advantages were the minimal dissection with little soft-tissue disruption and almost perfect anatomical reconstruction, decreasing the risk of heterotopic ossification and arthrofibrosis. A good outcome with stability restoration resulted in all
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. Approaches in revision Knee exposure in rTKA can be difficult, as dense scarring may penetrate into the deep fascial layers or even the underlying bone and may be accompanied by loss of elasticity or thickening of the capsular envelope. The latter – common
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critical thinking approach on the most common areas of controversy regarding ACL reconstruction. Using information collected from systematic reviews and meta-analyses, this instructional review discusses operative versus conservative treatment, timing of
