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series. Each patient, and indeed each toe, is unique and in order to choose the most appropriate treatment strategy a thorough understanding of the anatomy and pathology of lesser toe deformities is required. We discuss the basic anatomy of the lesser
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/19) Pain (16/19) Toe deformity (5/19) 24.5 (19.0–36.0) Improvement in AOFAS score Waizy et al (2019) 27 Pain at adjacent metatarsal (8/8) Cosmesis (8/8) Painful callosities (8/8) 23.8 (13.7–51.3) Patient satisfaction in all patients
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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. In severe cases, the first and fifth metatarsal bones may appear as skin ulcers due to long-term wear ( 5 ). When the child has claw toe deformity due to friction with the shoe, the back of the toe may also appear callose or have skin ulcers. Children
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arthrodesis of lesser toe deformities Retrospective 56 Hammer toe Arthrodesis Polylactide 24/26 20 patients (86%) satisfied Konkel et al, 2011 30 Hammer toe correction using an absorbable pin Prospective 66 Hammer toe Arthrodesis
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case of progression of their arthritis. 40 Associated toe deformities Appropriate osteotomies of the midfoot provide some degree of correction of the claw toe deformities and flexible correctible claw toes may improve spontaneously after
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anomalies: assessing associated toes deformities. Assessing where calosities are present, mostly at head of the first and fifth and base of the fifth metatarsals. Assessing the mobility of the foot joints (flexibility) and whether manual correction of
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, LEGEC Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland
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evaluation, it is important that a possible association with genetic disorders is evaluated in addition to the obvious deformity in the metatarsals ( Fig. 2 ). Other signs including toe deformities, plantar hyperkeratosis (translating transfer metatarsalgia
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reviewed 75 feet after Keller resection arthroplasty with an average follow-up of 31 months in low-demand patients over the age of 50 years. 20 They reported pain relief in 91% of patients with a 77% satisfaction rate. A cock-up toe deformity was found
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intermetatarsal/perineural bursitis), and the patient will have very often noticed this gradually developing, in association with symptoms becoming apparent. Lesser toe deformities (e.g. clawed, or hammer toes) are often the result of chronic degeneration and
