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Vanessa Morello Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

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Axel Gamulin Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

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intubated, sedated or obtunded patients. In this perspective, red flags or predictors need to be recognized ( 45 , 46 ). When present, these risk factors should lead the physician in charge to perform frequent clinical assessments and/or repeated or

Article Type:
Systematic Review
Category:
Trauma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0067
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 12
Open access
Jinlong Zhao The Second School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury, Guangzhou, China

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Jianke Pan The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury, Guangzhou, China

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Ling-feng Zeng The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury, Guangzhou, China

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Ming Wu The Second School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury, Guangzhou, China

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Weiyi Yang The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury, Guangzhou, China

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Jun Liu The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury, Guangzhou, China

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cuff tear, the difficulty of operation and the burden on patients are theoretically greater than those associated with partial tears. Therefore, it is very important to explore the risk factors for full-thickness rotator cuff tears to aid in early

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Shoulder & Elbow
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.210027
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 11
Open access
Signe Steenstrup Jensen Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Niels Martin Jensen Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark

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Per Hviid Gundtoft Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Søren Kold Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Robert Zura Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

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Bjarke Viberg Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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work ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). Early identification of nonunion is therefore important and one possibility is to identify risk factors. This could result in earlier recognition of patients at risk, leading to closer follow-up and lowering the threshold for

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Trauma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-21-0137
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 7
Open access
Eduardo Moreira Pinto Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Artur Teixeira Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Ricardo Frada Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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Pedro Atilano Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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António Miranda Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, Spine Division, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal

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those with preoperative risk factors, which may cause aberrant stress forces in these segments and lead to adjacent level degeneration. 6 – 8 Adjacent segment pathology can include ASDeg and adjacent segment disease (ASD), although a clear and

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.210050
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 10
Open access
Gyula Domos Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Szilárd Váncsa Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Csenge Szeverényi Department of Orthopaedics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Gergely Agócs Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Péter Hegyi Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Anna Perge Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Krisztina Békési Klinik Chirurgie, Spital Bülach, Bülach, Switzerland

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Csaba Varga Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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György Szőke Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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reduction ( 15 ) and 20% in medial open reduction ( 16 ). Therefore, our aim is to identify the risk factors where the treatment protocols are likely to fail and to select cases where it is worth skipping the next step of the treatment and proceeding to

Article Type:
Systematic Review
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-24-0007
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 9
Open access
Richard Peter Almeida Arthroplasty Unit, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Lipalo Mokete Arthroplasty Unit, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nkhodiseni Sikhauli Arthroplasty Unit, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Allan Roy Sekeitto Arthroplasty Unit, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Jurek Pietrzak Arthroplasty Unit, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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0.2% to 21% of all cases of primary TJA; however, there is lack of agreement on the definition of PWD. 3 PWD has been reported as a risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). 4 Patel et al 4 showed that each extra day of PWD carried an

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Knee
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.200054
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 10
Open access
Ashoklal Ramavath Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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Jonathan N. Lamb Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Jeya Palan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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Hemant G. Pandit Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Sameer Jain Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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modern management strategies. Risk factors PFF is usually due to a low-energy fall in elderly patients but may occur spontaneously due to implant loosening, severe osteolysis or a stress riser from an adjacent implant. An understanding of

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Hip
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.200003
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 9
Open access
Nicola Ratto University of Torino, Italy

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Chiara Arrigoni University of Torino, Italy

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Federica Rosso AO Mauriziano Umberto I, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Torino, Italy

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Matteo Bruzzone AO Mauriziano Umberto I, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Torino, Italy

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Federico Dettoni AO Mauriziano Umberto I, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Torino, Italy

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Davide Edoardo Bonasia AO Mauriziano Umberto I, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Torino, Italy

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Roberto Rossi AO Mauriziano Umberto I, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Torino, Italy

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American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) reported on the different risk factors for PJI and developed a guideline for PJI prevention and treatment. 11 In 2013 an international group of orthopaedic surgeons gathered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Knee
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.1.000032
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 9
Open access
Stefan Bauer Ensemble hospitalier de la Côte, Chirurgie de l’épaule, Chemin du Crêt 2, Morges, Vaud, Switzerland
The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

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Phillipe Collin CHP Saint-Gregoire, 6 Boulevard de la Boutière 35760 Saint-Grégoire, France
Clinique Victor Hugo, 5 Bis rue du Dôme 75016 Paris, France
American Hospital of Paris, 55 Boulevard du Château, 92200 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France

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Matthias A Zumstein Shoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Sonnenhof Orthopaedics, Bern, Switzerland
Shoulder, Elbow Unit, Sportsclinicnumber1, Papiermuehlestrasse 73, 3014 Bern, Switzerland
Shoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland

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Lionel Neyton Ramsay Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Centre Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France

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William G Blakeney The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia

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). It is also important to assess patient risk factors (age, hyperlaxity and sports profile) ( 3 ). Proven risk factors for recurrence are as follows: young age < 20–25 years; bone loss; competitive, contact and overhead sports; as well as hyperlaxity

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Shoulder & Elbow
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0084
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Gherardo Pagliazzi Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Enrico De Pieri Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Michèle Kläusler Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

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Morgan Sangeux Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Engineering, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Elke Viehweger Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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anteversion (FNA), squinting patella, and excessive external tibial rotation, has been considered as a risk factor in the onset of overuse injuries, especially the PFPS ( 23 ). Studies combining 3D gait analysis and musculoskeletal modelling have shown that

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Foot & Ankle
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-21-0092
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 1
Open access