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Introduction Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears are not as frequent as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. They are rare as an isolated injury and more commonly occur in a multi-ligament-injured knee. 1 Although it is well
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some problems such as posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears or avulsion and pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) in the posterior compartment of the knee. Morgan first reported posterior knee arthroscopy to repair posterolateral and posteromedial
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Introduction Multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) are devastating injuries. They are defined as injuries to at least two of the four major ligaments in the knee: anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, lateral collateral
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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1. Physical examination of knee ligament injuries Structure Test Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Lachman’s test, pivot shift Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Posterior drawer, posterior sag sign Medial
Hospital Sotero del Rio, Santiago, Chile
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Hospital Sotero del Rio, Santiago, Chile
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Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Portugal
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angle and is compared to the contralateral side. An increase of 10° to 15° of external rotation at 30° of knee flexion is indicative of an isolated PLC injury and at 90° is indicative of a combined posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and PLC injury. 25
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, depending on the morphology of the fracture. Posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fractures of the tibial head are not considered to be partial tibial head fractures by the authors of this article. However, avulsions of the posterior cruciate ligament often
Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, Oxford, UK
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Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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South-West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, Epsom, UK
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Shamir Medical Center, Zriffin, Israel
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Département de Chirurgie, Université de Montréal, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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tibial slope: - slightly reduce the large native tibial slope when using postero-stabilized TKA designs. The increased flexion gap resulting from the resection of the posterior cruciate ligament would prevent tightness in flexion - restore native slope
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planes. This technique can be used in extension or in flexion. - Ligament release . A ligament that is considered too tight can be cut (as in ligament sacrificing, e.g. the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)), detached from its insertion, partially
Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
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Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
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Dom Henrique Research Centre, Portugal
3Bs Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Braga, Portugal
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ACL and partial MCL) and concomitant ACL and posterior cruciate ligament injuries. From a rational point of view, more complex knee injuries, involving more ligaments, and with a poorer prognosis, will require the use of an allograft, meaning that
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of the MCL and menisco-tibial ligaments is mandatory in these cases to preserve meniscal function ( Fig. 4 ). Combined posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and MCL injury . Unlike combined ACL and MCL injuries, acute postero-medial injuries
