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, such as anatomic precontoured locking plates for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and a better understanding of the surgical principles and objectives to consider in order to optimize internal fixation, nonunion after internal fixation of
Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Introduction Nonunion is a severe complication in the treatment of fractures and can lead to a reduced quality of life and generate substantial healthcare costs related to prolonged hospital stays, reoperations, and an inability to return to
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
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phenomenon of nonunion with all associated aspects. Nonunion: the basics Definition and the different types A nonunion is a fracture that will not heal without further intervention. Although this is a pragmatic definition which very much depends
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Introduction Non-union or pseudarthrosis represents the inability of bone to heal after a fracture. Although this is a general definition that is well accepted by most orthopaedic trauma surgeons, it is not a simple concept. The absence of
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Introduction: non-union definition and epidemiology Delayed union and non-union fractures are well-defined medical conditions that represent the inability of bone to heal without further intervention, which is usually identified based on
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factors for delayed or nonunion, it can still occur in healthy patients. 1 , 2 There is some dissonance regarding the definition of bony union. 3 , 4 Most studies describe clinical and/or radiological union, using a reference time point since
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Introduction There is no universal definition of nonunion. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) defines nonunion as a fracture of at least nine months’ evolution that has shown no signs of bone healing on radiographs taken three months from
Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Introduction Intramedullary nailing (IMN) has been a standard for treating acute adult femur shaft fracture for decades. It is known that the nonunion or delayed union rate after IM nailing for acute femoral shaft fractures is less than 2
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negative impact of smoking regarding various outcome parameters in orthopaedics and trauma, including incidence of fracture, risk for lateral epicondylitis, fracture nonunion and postoperative complication rate. 15 – 18 The aim of the current systematic
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Introduction The treatment of scaphoid nonunion is still a challenge for hand surgeons. Nonunion rate of scaphoid fractures varies between 5% and 15%. 1 Due to tenuous retrograde blood supply of the scaphoid, this rate can increase up to
