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Infection after fracture fixation

Sylvain Steinmetz

Sylvain Steinmetz Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Diane Wernly

Diane Wernly Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Kevin Moerenhout

Kevin Moerenhout Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Andrej Trampuz

Andrej Trampuz Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery (CMSC), Berlin, Germany

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Olivier Borens

Olivier Borens Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Infection after fracture fixation is a feared complication in orthopaedic surgery leading to poor bone healing and loss of function.
Early detection is essential and interdisciplinary care is mandatory.
Eradication of infection is only possible through combined surgical and antibiotic treatment.
Intraoperative tissue samples must be taken and are effective for guidance of the antibiotic regimen.
Infection after fracture fixation is different from prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and needs a specific strategy.
In this review, we define infection after fracture fixation, and outline the clinical, radiological and laboratory signs of these infections, as well as a treatment algorithm for optimal patient care.