National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
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National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
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National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK.
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, including the epidemiology, impact, assessment, risk factors, aetiology and treatment. Personal and economic impact Chronic pain after TKA can affect all dimensions of health-related quality of life, and has been found to be associated with
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knee pain located in the medial compartment, which is worse at night, without any history of trauma or risk factors for ON. The aetiology is still not completely understood, but two aetiologic hypotheses have been proposed. A vascular origin was
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still remains today. 2 , 3 Frozen shoulder classically occurs in female patients in their fourth to sixth decade of life and can be classified according to its presumed aetiology into primary idiopathic or secondary. Secondary frozen shoulder can
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lesion. b) Type-VI SLAP tear: SLAP tear combined with an unstable flap tear of the labrum. c) Type-VII SLAP tear: SLAP tear with continuation to the middle glenohumeral ligament origin. © JHU 2018/AAM The incidence and aetiology of SLAP lesions
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shape of the triceps footprint on the olecranon. Aetiology Triceps tendon rupture results from overloading on the extended elbow, or an abrupt eccentric contraction of the muscle. The most frequently-reported mechanism in the literature is
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tibio-talar joints is by mechanoreceptors. 24 The peroneal muscles are of high significance for proprioception of the ankle complex. 25 Aetiology and classification Understanding the mechanism of ankle sprains is seminal to diagnosis
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%, rising to 29% at 75 years. 4 Aetiology The aetiology of Dupuytren’s disease is as yet poorly understood. 6 In fact, despite being a benign disorder, it has similarities with malignant processes. In the early stages of the disease, the
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laterality with similar rates of right- and left-sided involvement. Aetiology The precise cause of OCD is unknown, although a number of aetiological theories have been proposed. Mechanical, biological and anatomical factors may all have a role to play
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-thoraco-lumbar tandem spinal stenosis; LSS, lumbar spinal stenosis; N/A; not available; TSS, tandem spinal stenosis; ThSS, thoracic spinal stenosis; TLTSS, thoraco-lumbar tandem spinal stenosis. Aetiology and potential risk factors of TSS TSS has two
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the age of 16. 1 Although the incidence could be much higher in the adult population, ranging from 10.5–25%. 2 , 3 Aetiology Some feet in absence of disease may be a variant of normality. 4 A congenital variant of congenital cavus
