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Xiang-Dong Wu Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China

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Yixin Zhou Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China

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Hongyi Shao Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China

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Dejin Yang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China

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Sheng-Jie Guo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China

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Wei Huang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Introduction Long-term clinical outcomes and implant survivorship of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are dependent on the accurate restoration of hip and knee biomechanics and optimal position of implant

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Peter Richard Almeida University of the Witwatersrand, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Lipalo Mokete University of the Witwatersrand, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nkhodiseni Sikhauli University of the Witwatersrand, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Ahmad Mota University of the Witwatersrand, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Bayanda Ndindwa University of the Witwatersrand, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Jurek R T Pietrzak University of the Witwatersrand, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Introduction Total joint arthroplasty (TJA), including total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), has reported survivorship at 10 years of 95%, justifying TJA as the optimal surgical procedure for end-stage degenerative

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Shaho Hasan Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Peter van Schie Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Bart L Kaptein Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Jan W Schoones Walaeus Library, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Perla J Marang-van de Mheen Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Safety & Security Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

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Rob G H H Nelissen Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Introduction Aseptic loosening is the leading cause for revision of total hip and total knee arthroplasties (THAs/TKAs) reported in national arthroplasty registries ( 1 , 2 ). Aseptic loosening may have a multitude of causes including factors

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Yvet Mooiweer Department of Health Services Research, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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Lina Roling School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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Margaret Vugrin Preston Smith Library, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lobbock, Texas, USA

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Lena Ansmann Department of Health Services Research, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
Chair of Medical Sociology, Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR) Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Oldenburg, Germany

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Martin Stevens Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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Gesine H Seeber Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
University Hospital of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Pius-Hospital, Medical Campus University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany

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Introduction Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are amongst the most frequently performed orthopedic surgeries ( 1 ). Around 160 000 primary THAs and 125 000 primary TKAs were performed in Germany in 2019 ( 2

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Michael de Buys Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Krisantha Moodley Emergency Department, ER Consulting, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Josip Nenad Cakic Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Life Fourways Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Jurek R T Pietrzak Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Introduction In 2020, over 1 million total joint arthroplasties (TJAs) were performed annually with the demand for arthroplasty projected to rise by 400% from the early 2000s to 2030 ( 1 , 2 ). As the number of TJAs increases to accommodate

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Stavros Tsotsolis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University Medical School, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Ring Road Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece
Centre of Orthopaedic and Regenerative Medicine (CORE), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI)-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Balkan Center, Buildings A & B, Thessaloniki, Greece
Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Eustathios Kenanidis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University Medical School, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Ring Road Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece
Centre of Orthopaedic and Regenerative Medicine (CORE), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI)-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Balkan Center, Buildings A & B, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Vasileios F Pegios Academic Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University Medical School, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Ring Road Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece
Centre of Orthopaedic and Regenerative Medicine (CORE), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI)-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Balkan Center, Buildings A & B, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Michael Potoupnis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University Medical School, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Ring Road Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece
Centre of Orthopaedic and Regenerative Medicine (CORE), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI)-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Balkan Center, Buildings A & B, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Eleftherios Tsiridis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University Medical School, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Ring Road Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece
Centre of Orthopaedic and Regenerative Medicine (CORE), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI)-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Balkan Center, Buildings A & B, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Introduction Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is the most effective healthcare intervention to treat end-stage joint osteoarthritis ( 1 , 2 ). TJA is a highly cost-effective procedure for improving the quality of life of patients with joint

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Te-Feng Arthur Chou Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Hsuan-Hsiao Ma Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Shang-Wen Tsai Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Cheng-Fong Chen Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Po-Kuei Wu Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Wei-Ming Chen Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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most recent meta-analysis was performed by Popat et al, but this study only included patients who underwent THA. 6 In this study, we performed a comprehensive review assessing the outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty

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Xiangji Dang Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
Department of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Mei Liu The First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, P.R. China

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Qiang Yang Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Jin Jiang Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Yan Liu Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China

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Hui Sun Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Jinhui Tian Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China

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Introduction Total joint arthroplasty (TJA), encompassing procedures like total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), has gained popularity because of its success in treating end-stage knee or hip arthritis ( 1 ). The

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Keijo T. Mäkelä Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland, and the Finnish Arthroplasty Register

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Ove Furnes Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register

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Geir Hallan Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register

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Anne Marie Fenstad Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register

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Ola Rolfson Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register

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Johan Kärrholm Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register

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Cecilia Rogmark Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, and the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Sweden

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Alma Becic Pedersen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, and the Danish Hip Arthroplasty Register

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Otto Robertsson The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Sweden

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Annette W-Dahl The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Sweden

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Antti Eskelinen Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere, Finland, and the Finnish Arthroplasty Register

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Henrik M. Schrøder Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Naestved Hospital, Denmark, and the Danish Knee Arthroplasty Register

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Ville Äärimaa Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland, and the Finnish Arthroplasty Register

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Jeppe V. Rasmussen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and the Danish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register

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Björn Salomonsson Department of Orthopedics, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Sjukhus AB, Sweden, and the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register

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Randi Hole Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register

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Søren Overgaard Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, and the Danish Hip Arthroplasty Register

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defined as the proportion of hospitals/departments contributing to the registration of cases to the national register out of the total number of hospitals/departments performing arthroplasty procedures in the country; (2) registration completeness of

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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Congcong He Department of Psychology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yong Zhao Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Guangyong Yang Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Hainan Hong Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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intervention typically involves washout, either arthroscopic or open, to remove the infected material and reduce the microbial load. Following the resolution of SA, there is an increased risk of requiring total knee arthroplasty (TKA) within 1 year, with

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