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well-established procedure, but persistent neck and shoulder pain may arise from muscle stripping or post-operative kyphosis if the facet joint is partially resected. Although these post-operative problems may be lessened by use of tubular retractors
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is 88°. b) Intra-operative view of T6-7, T7-8, T8-9, T9-10 Smith Petersen osteotomies. c) Intra-operative view after correction and stabilisation procedure. Note that the osteotomy sites were closed under compression. d) Lateral post-operative
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Canada.
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points at 2–3 o’clock in the right pedicle and 9–10 o’clock in the left pedicle. Local anaesthesia is applied from the skin to the pedicle in order to decrease post-operative pain. A skin incision is made and depends greatly on the instrumentation
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Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
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approach in two stages, in order to give some anterior support in the level III fracture, and an L1-S1 posterolateral arthrodesis. See Figures 5 and 6 for the post-operative radiograph. Fig. 5 Standing post-operative radiograph following posterior
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with a giant leap in spinal deformity surgery thanks to the new techniques and hardware options which was satisfying both for the surgeons and patients. However, recently, surgeons are now searching for better deformity correction and better post-operative
Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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patients with non-operative management of cervical radiculopathy. 9 There are no clearly recognized indications for surgery in patients with CDH with radiculopathy. 5 Concerning signs or symptoms that might merit early surgical intervention
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canal and in the paravertebral muscles. Fig. 4 Anteroposterior fluoroscopy image showing the ‘kissing balloon’ image. In the immediate post-operative period, no bracing is required. Pain is managed for a limited period with acetaminophen
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treated non-operatively. 45 Instrumented or non-instrumented fusion? The use of posterior instrumentation with fusion has become the standard of care; several studies show higher fusion rates with the use of instrumentation. However, its effect
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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conservative and operative treatment ( 2 ). The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a treatment algorithm for this disease after reviewing its physiopathology. Etiology and pathophysiology Until now, the exact etiology of SK is still unknown
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implementation of a quality management system. Both the FDA and the EU's MDR frameworks emphasize the importance of transparency, data protection, and post-market surveillance to ensure the integrity of patient care. Ethical considerations must also be at the
