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Mirza Biscevic Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Aida Sehic Department of Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring, SMS, Louisville, Kentucky, USA

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Ferid Krupic Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden

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of somatosensory spinal pathways (dorsal column–medial lemniscus) is based on sub/cortical responses to continuous electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves (e.g. tibial, peroneal, ulnar/median nerve). Although sensory deficit is less debilitating

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.180032
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 1
Open access
Wai Weng Yoon Spinal Surgery Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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Jonathan Koch Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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Introduction Disc herniation is a localized displacement of disc material beyond the normal margins of the intervertebral disc space. The pain pathway originates in impingement of the nerve root by the herniated disc, which may in turn lead to

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.210020
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 6
Open access
Jean-Charles Le Huec Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Stephane Bourret Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Wendy Thompson Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Christian Daulouede Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Thibault Cloché Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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essential role in the stabilization of the sacro-iliac joint. Their section in pudendal nerve release surgery does not produce a significant increase in sacro-iliac joint pain. The muscles also contribute to the stability of this junctional structure. The

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190081
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 10
Open access
Charles Court Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Spine and tumor Unit, Bicetre University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

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Leonard Chatelain Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Spine and tumor Unit, Bicetre University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

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Barthelemy Valteau Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Spine and tumor Unit, Bicetre University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

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Charlie Bouthors Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Spine and tumor Unit, Bicetre University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

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patient. Evaluation of the nerve roots from L4 to S4 is mandatory. The L5 nerve root is at risk in the L5/S1 foramina, and more importantly, the lumbosacral trunk is at high risk considering that it runs across the anterior aspect of sacral ala

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0059
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 5
Open access
Kamil Cagri Kose Marmara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Omer Bozduman Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Ali Erkan Yenigul Urfa State Hospital Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Servet Igrek Marmara University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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in too much sponge to prevent cord compression. Neural impingement: removal of facets and compression to correct kyphosis leads to a decrease in foraminal height. This may lead to nerve root impingement. A wide facetectomy can solve this problem

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.2.160069
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 3
Open access
G. Vilà-Canet ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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A. García de Frutos ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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A. Covaro ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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M.T. Ubierna ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain

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E. Caceres ICATME, Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain

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and pelvis have shown good reliability in detecting thoracolumbar spinal injuries, only requiring reconstruction in cases where some abnormality is found and further information is needed. 6 However, significant soft-tissue disruptions can be

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.1.000029
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 9
Open access
Junbo He Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

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Tingkui Wu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

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Chen Ding Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Beiyu Wang Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Ying Hong West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/ Department of Anesthesia and Operation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Hao Liu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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arthroplasty (CDA). Each technique has its proponents and inherent drawbacks mainly related to the adequacy of decompression of the spinal cord and nerve roots, maintenance of the stability of the spinal column, duration of the procedure and blood loss, and

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.210074
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 12
Open access
Juan Ignacio Cirillo Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile
Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
Universidad Andrés Bello, Hospital del Trabajador, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago, Chile

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Guillermo A Ricciardi Centro Médico Integral Fitz Roy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Sanatorio Güemes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Teodoro Álvarez, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Facundo Lisandro Alvarez Lemos Hospital Roberto del Río, Santiago, Chile

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Alfredo Guiroy Elite Spine Health and Wellness Center, Florida, USA

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Ratko Yurac Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, University del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Spine Unit, Department of Traumatology, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile

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Klaus Schnake Center for Spinal and Scoliosis Surgery, Malteser Waldrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany

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AO Spine Latin America Trauma Study Group
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AO Spine Latin America Trauma Study Group

vehicle accidents representing its main etiology ( 7 ). In this context, the clinical spectrum of cervical facet injuries is variable, and its principal symptomatology includes from fracture-dislocations with neurological impairment (from nerve roots or

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0161
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 3
Open access
Andreas F. Mavrogenis Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis D. Megaloikonomos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Vasileios G. Igoumenou Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Georgios N. Panagopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Efthymia Giannitsioti Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Antonios Papadopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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paravertebral abscesses, skip lesions, contiguous subligamentous spread, involvement of the posterior elements and encroachment on the spinal canal and nerve roots are suggestive of TB spondylodiscitis. 77 , 78 Another MRI feature in patients with TB

Article Type:
Research Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.2.160062
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 11
Open access
Xun Wang Department of Orthopedics, Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Aiqi Zhang Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Wenchao Yao Department of Orthopaedics, the First People's Hospital of Chun'an County, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Haiyan Qiu Department of Endocrinology, Afliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Fabo Feng Department of Orthopedics, Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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). TLIF involves removing the unilateral superior together with inferior articular processes and utilizing the intervertebral foramen space to achieve nerve root decompression and interbody cage implantation. This technique achieves reconstruction of the

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0155
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 12
Open access