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OA ( 1 , 2 ). Cadaveric, radiologic, and clinical studies have indicated that ankle OA is far less common than knee and hip OA ( 1 , 2 , 3 ), what reflects in clinical practice, with symptomatic knee OA being 8 to 9 times more prevalent than ankle

replacement”, “total ankle arthroplasty” and the brand names of the most commonly used ankle arthroplasty prostheses. When there were different studies describing follow-up of the same cohort, then the later study with longer follow-up was chosen. If a

symptomatic ankle osteoarthritis is nine times less frequent than that of the knee and the hip. Ankle osteoarthrosis is associated with pain and gait alteration. 7 , 8 Conservative treatment includes medication and orthotics. Ankle arthrodesis and total

history of trauma or underlying disease, constitutes a relatively small proportion of ankle arthritis. 1 Ankle arthritis has low prevalence compared with knee or hip arthritis, but once it progresses, it can lead to pain, dysfunction and abnormal gait

. Metallic implants attempted to replicate total hip and total knee designs in the first MTP joint. They consisted of a cobalt-chrome metatarsal prosthesis with a polyeythene insert and a titanium proximal phalanx prosthesis. While patients reported moderate

replacement by bone remodelling. In vitro studies showed comparable biomechanical properties to PMMA, but evidence from clinical studies is rare. 40 Tibiotalocalcaneal fusion Tibiotalocalcaneal fusion with a retrograde nail provides high stability

Introduction After the hip and distal radius, ankle fragility fractures (FFs) are the third most common type of fracture in the geriatric population, with an incidence of 184 cases per 100,000 population in the elderly per year ( 1 ). Despite

graft incorporation. The authors noted that two patients in the autograft group had persistent donor site hip pain even after three months. A systematic review (Level II) conducted by Müller et al 22 in 2013 compared autografts with allografts in

-called ‘footwear problem’. Children are sometimes referred for limping without evidence of a hip or knee problem. Some malignant bone tumours can also mimic an infection, such as Ewing’s sarcoma, with fever, and inflammatory reaction on blood samples. A pre