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resonance imaging study . Human Brain Mapping 2021 42 5927 – 5942 . ( https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25659 ) 34524716 41. Koltyn KF . Exercise-induced hypoalgesia and intensity of exercise . Sports Medicine 2002 32 477 – 487 . ( https://doi.org/10
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and opioids are the most widely used to reduce the intensity of pain in these patients ( 16 , 17 ), although they have been found to cause alterations in sleep and in the gastrointestinal ( 18 ), cardiovascular, and physical functioning of patients
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exercise protocols lead to faster improvement of these factors when compared with low-intensity exercise programs ( 6 , 12 , 18 , 40 ) related to improvement of the function of pelvic, hip and trunk muscles ( 18 , 40 ). Comprehensive physiotherapy
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Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
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measurement. Active exercise is believed to activate motor neurons and enhance the sensitivity of muscle spindles. The muscle spindles are rich in key proprioceptors, leading to the AE of active reposition measurement being less than that of passive reposition