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Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland

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Cecilia Téllez Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Víctor Villablanca Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Introduction Distal femur fractures have a variable frequency of approximately 27% of all femur fractures ( 1 ), increasing due to a rise incidence of high-energy trauma. This acquires greater relevance when we understand that the main

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Hakan Ömeroğlu TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Manuel Cassiano Neves CUF Descobertas Hospital, Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Lisbon, Portugal

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percutaneous fixation increased from 3% to 22% and open reduction decreased from 29% to 14% – Distal radius, supracondylar humerus and forearm shaft fractures had the greatest change in treatment pattern National Hospital Discharge Register data in

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Ignacio Rodriguez Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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María Jesús Tuca Clinica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Clínico Mutual de Seguridad, Santiago, Chile

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Introduction The proximal epiphysis of the tibia is the second largest epiphysis of the human body, followed by the epiphysis of the distal femur. In most newborns, the epiphyseal secondary ossification centre (SOC) develops in the first few

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Valeria Pintar St George’s Hospital, London, UK

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Charlotte Brookes St George’s Hospital, London, UK

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Alex Trompeter St George’s Hospital, London, UK
St George’s University of London, UK

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Anna Bridgens St George’s Hospital, London, UK

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Caroline Hing St George’s Hospital, London, UK
St George’s University of London, UK

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Yael Gelfer St George’s Hospital, London, UK
St George’s University of London, UK

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potential risks associated with their use. This is somewhat foreseeable given their mechanism of action: sustained circumferential pressure to occlude arterial flow resulting in reduced perfusion distal to the site of application. Laboratory research and

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Djandan Tadum Arthur Vithran Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

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Xu Liu Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Miao He Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Anko Elijah Essien Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Michael Opoku Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Yusheng Li Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Ming-Qing Li Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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line between the midpoint of the distal and proximal diaphysis of the first metatarsal shaft. Since the central axis of the talus and the first metatarsal bone is difficult to draw accurately, the dorsal tangent line between the talus and the first

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Thomas J. Holme St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Marta Karbowiak St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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Magnus Arnander St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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Yael Gelfer St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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classification system describing the orientation of the fracture line (distal/oblique/parallel). The AO PCCF is a generic paediatric classification system based upon morphology. The Salter-Harris classification is a generic paediatric physeal classification

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