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  • Children’s Orthopaedics x
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Carol C. Hasler University Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

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Daniel Studer University Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

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so in neglected cases. Conservative treatment is therefore not a valid option. Early surgery includes vastus lateralis releases combined with medial shortening and patellar tendon re-routing. In cases where the vastus approach does not provide

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Alexios D. Iliadis Centre for Orthopaedics, The Royal London and Barts and The London Children’s Hospitals, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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Manoj Ramachandran Centre for Orthopaedics, The Royal London and Barts and The London Children’s Hospitals, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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inoculation from trauma and surgery. Most are primarily haematogenous in origin and result from symptomatic or asymptomatic bacteraemia 4 in otherwise healthy individuals. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are of paramount importance in achieving

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Ilkka J. Helenius Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

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infantile scoliosis (diagnosed before the age of three years), 13 while surgery is typically recommended when the Cobb angle progresses beyond 50° in the setting of failed conservative management and documented progression. 4 , 6 , 7 Progressive

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Stéphane Armand Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Switzerland

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Geraldo Decoulon Pediatric Orthopaedic Service, Department of Child and Adolescent, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland

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Alice Bonnefoy-Mazure Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Switzerland

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the effect of treatments of impairments (e.g. increase length of a muscle, correction of bony deformity). 21 Currently, the major clinical limitations of this approach are the validation of the models used and the time needed to build an accurate

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Pierre-Louis Docquier Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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Laurent Paul 3D Side, Belgium

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Khanh TranDuy 3D Side, Belgium

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. Diagnosis is given by radiograph for calcaneonavicular coalition (AP, oblique and lateral views) and by CT for talocalcaneal coalition. Surgery is indicated only in cases of symptomatic tarsal coalition resistant to conservative management. One favoured

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