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Luke Turley, Ian Barry, and Eoin Sheehan

tibial shaft fractures are associated with high rates of complications including malunion, non-union and infection ( 5 , 6 ). The severity of the soft tissue injury associated with open fractures has been considered significant for many years. In 1976

Olga D. Savvidou, Frantzeska Zampeli, Panagiotis Koutsouradis, George D. Chloros, Aggelos Kaspiris, Savas Sourmelis, and Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos

humerus fractures, an overall complication rate up to 35% has been reported. 3 , 7 – 9 In elderly patients, the presence of osteoporosis, metaphyseal comminution and poor soft-tissue conditions have resulted in less predictable outcomes. 3 , 10

Alexandre Sitnik, Aleksander Beletsky, and Steven Schelkun

Introduction The treatment of fractures of the distal part of the lower leg (particularly with involvement of the distal tibia articular surface) is challenging for orthopaedic surgeons and often leads to serious complications such as

Carlos A. Encinas-Ullán, José M. Martínez-Diez, and E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán

intervention (vascular in particular, packing in pelvic fractures, etc.) as well as further complications. Pelvis EF controls the pelvic volume in emergency situations (reduces bleeding) and stabilizes the anterior pelvic ring in anterior and lateral

Maartje Michielsen, Annemieke Van Haver, Matthias Vanhees, Roger van Riet, and Frederik Verstreken

select the most appropriate implants for internal fixation. 8 , 10 – 12 Based on this, patient-specific bone models can be 3D printed, sterilized and used in the operating room. Non-union and malunion are the most common serious complications of

Maria Anna Smolle, Sandra Bösmüller, Paul Puchwein, Martin Ornig, Andreas Leithner, and Franz-Josef Seibert

open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO), and retrograde and antegrade intramedullary nailing (IM) ( 6 , 8 , 9 ). Complications of both conservative and operative treatment approaches are non

Julia Riemenschneider, Jan Tilmann Vollrath, Nils Mühlenfeld, Johannes Frank, Ingo Marzi, and Maren Janko

preparation, finding the Retzius space. Protection of the bladder is as important as developing the corona mortis, the femoral and obturator nerve and the external iliacal and obturator vessels. Problems affecting these are typical complications of this

Ahmed Fikry Elmenshawy and Khaled Hamed Salem

, dislocation rate and complications using the best available evidence. Only studies with bipolar hemiarthroplasty were analysed, excluding cases treated with unipolar prostheses or total hip replacement. Materials and methods We searched PubMed, Embase

Thomas Tampere, Matthieu Ollivier, Christophe Jacquet, Maxime Fabre-Aubrespy, and Sébastien Parratte

–79% of cases, implying loss of function and sometimes a need for subsequent surgery ( Fig. 1 ). To avoid these complications and to shorten the recovery phase, primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been proposed as a first intention solution based on

Deepak Samson, Chye Yew Ng, and Dominic Power

performed early (less than three weeks), as staged surgery has a trend toward more favourable results when compared with delayed reconstruction. 12 - 16 Vascular injury The incidence of associated neurovascular complications has been