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non-surgical treatment, surgical reconstruction of MLKIs is not without potential complications. 10 The diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of complications associated with surgical reconstruction of MLKIs are reviewed below. These complications are

contributed to the improvement in satisfaction after TKA; however, the incidence of complications is also increasing as the frequency of TKA increases. 1 More and more patients with symptomatic TKA will require the evaluation of an orthopaedic surgeon. In

In symptomatic patients with moderate to high functional demands, ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is often recommended to enhance rehabilitation, facilitate early return to full sporting function and reduce the risk of long-term complications. The most

inadequate ACLR graft, but this hypothesis requires further confirmation. 58 Complications following ramp repair are rare and there are not many different types. Most common complications include symptoms related to inflammatory processes such as

meniscal tears for many years. It is a safe treatment, with a low rate of complications and reoperation. 26 However, meniscectomy affects knee biomechanics and, with time, seems to lead to early osteoarthritis. 55 It has been well documented that

primary AC joint fixation consisted of pin fixation using Kirschner-wires (K-wires) after reduction; this method was abandoned because of the development of severe complications including pin migration, with potential damage to nerves, vessels and spinal

– also known as ‘arthroscrape’ – is the most common complication. An analysis of 3714 arthroscopic procedures showed a 2% prevalence rate of iatrogenic chondral lesions. 8 These ‘minor’ cartilage injuries might result in chondrocyte death and

Introduction Knee septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an uncommon but devastating complication, with a reported incidence of 0.14% to 1.7% on the literature. 1 , 2 Even providing state of the art

Furthermore, most studies are retrospective case series with limited data on functional outcomes and complications reported at short-term follow-up only. 7 , 12 , 13 Fig. 1 Intra-operative photograph showing the avulsed proximal rectus femoris tendon

would lead to manipulation under anaesthesia. 50 This complication is probably related to the significant percentage of extension deficits found in patellar tendon graft patients. Specifically, in a meta-analysis sub-group of more than 1000 patients