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therefore more difficult in these cases compared to de novo GCTB. In many cases incomplete excision leads to reactivation of the tumour cells after denosumab treatment is discontinued. Rutkowski and coworkers ( 35 ) reported a 32% recurrence rate following
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rate and quality of the re-excision margins, but those which have ( Table 1 ) have reported clear margins in 74–91% of cases. 15 , 19 Reconstruction Several authors have commented on the high rates of limb reconstruction needed after wide re
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the following exclusion criteria: spinal or pelvic metastases only ( n = 39); reports with < 5 eligible cases ( n = 7); 15 – 21 review article ( n = 2); 22 , 23 incomplete outcome data given ( n = 4); 6 , 24 – 26 short practical
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than two-thirds of patients classified in this group, and valgus deformity of the ankle was the most commonly reported one. Around 70% of reported cases were children. The peculiarity of children is their growth potential, making them a difficult group
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articles, case report studies, articles with full text in languages other than English; articles with only abstracts available, and articles where the full text was not accessible. To achieve more consistency in the information retrieved, papers that did
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For this type of study, we included prospective and retrospective observational studies, randomized controlled trials, case-controlled studies and cohort studies. We excluded the following: review articles and case report studies; articles with only
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corresponding to the highly vascularized mesenchymal tissue which is reported to be observed in all patients. 16 – 18 Whereas some cases are self-limiting, surgical treatment options include intralesional curettage or radiofrequency ablation. The ‘en bloc
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pathological fracture in severe cases ( 8 , 9 ). Different types of treatment for ABC are reported, including surgery, percutaneous treatments, and medical treatments; however, there is currently no consensus on the best approach, and the risks and benefits
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%. However, in multiple osteochondromatosis the risk increases to 5%, though they usually present after skeletal maturity. In 2012, Mosier et al published the only reported case in the literature of a chondrosarcoma possibly arising secondary to an
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-text articles in English language and studies reporting radiological outcomes during follow-up, including articular degeneration after extended curettage and filling with PMMA, were included. We excluded abstracts, letters to the editor, review articles, case
