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Mukai Chimutengwende-Gordon Joint Reconstruction Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Trust, Stanmore, UK

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James Donaldson Joint Reconstruction Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Trust, Stanmore, UK

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George Bentley Joint Reconstruction Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Trust, Stanmore, UK

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been used. This review discusses current treatment options with a focus on chronic osteochondral defects of the knee. Bone marrow stimulation techniques Bone marrow stimulation procedures are commonly used to treat osteochondral lesions and are

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190031
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 3
Open access
Francisco Figueroa Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile

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David Figueroa Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile

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Rafael Calvo Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile

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Alex Vaisman Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile

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João Espregueira-Mendes Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Portugal; Dom Henrique Research Centre, Portugal
3Bs Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Portugal; ICVS/3Bs–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Portugal
Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Portugal

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defects, instability or malalignment should be amenable to surgical correction. On the other hand, classical contraindications are: advanced osteoarthritis, obesity, skeletal immaturity, inflammatory arthritis, previous septic arthritis, and synovial

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.4.180052
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 4
Open access
Mohammad Shahid St Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, M5B1W8, Canada
Walsall Manor Hospital, Moat Road, Walsall, WS2 9PS, UK

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Rik Kundra St Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, M5B1W8, Canada
Walsall Manor Hospital, Moat Road, Walsall, WS2 9PS, UK

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. 52 Ochi M , Uchio Y , Kawasaki K , Wakitani S , Iwasa J . Transplantation of cartilage-like tissue made by tissue engineering in the treatment of cartilage defects of the knee . J Bone Joint Surg [Br

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.2.160004
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 2
Open access
Hélder Pereira Orthopedic Department of Póvoa de Varzim - Vila do Conde Hospital Centre, Vila do Conde, Portugal
Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic, Murcia-Madrid, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Madrid, Spain
International Centre of Sports Traumatology of the Ave, Vila do Conde, Portugal
3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

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Ibrahim Fatih Cengiz 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

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Sérgio Gomes International Centre of Sports Traumatology of the Ave, Vila do Conde, Portugal

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João Espregueira-Mendes 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
Orthopedic Department, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal

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Pedro L. Ripoll Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic, Murcia-Madrid, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Madrid, Spain

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Joan C. Monllau Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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Rui L. Reis 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

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J. Miguel Oliveira 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

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treated by an osteochondral allograft resurfacing procedure combining bone, cartilage, and meniscus in a single step. 46 , 47 The first free MAT was performed in 1984. 48 Since then the technique has been intensely developed and proposed for the

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.4.180103
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 6
Open access
Nikolaos K. Paschos University of California, Davis, USA

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Stephen M. Howell University of California, Davis, USA

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weakness can also result from autograft harvesting for ACL reconstruction. A trend towards extensor and flexor muscle strength deficit was shown in ACL reconstructions when bone-patella-tendon-bone (BPTB) and hamstring (HST) autograft was used, respectively

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.1.160032
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 11
Open access
Mahmut Nedim Doral Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Sports Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Onur Bilge Konya N.E. University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Sports Medicine, Konya, Turkey

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Gazi Huri Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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Egemen Turhan Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey

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René Verdonk Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium

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enhance healing after meniscal repair, a variety of augmentation techniques and biological products have been introduced: needling, trephination, platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow aspirate, hyaluronan-collagen scaffold, fibrin clot, fibrin glue

Article Type:
Research Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.170067
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 5
Open access
Xiaofeng Deng Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Haoran Xu Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Xiaoxia Hao Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Jiawei Liu Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Xingru Shang Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Tao Xu Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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potential of MSC while impeding their differentiation into adipocytes, thus contributing to the repair of cartilage matrix defects ( 76 ). In addition, experimental results have shown that long-term moderate-intensity exercise has favorable effects on bone

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 3
Open access
E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain

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Hortensia De la Corte-Rodríguez Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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Carlos A. Encinas-Ullán Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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Primitivo Gómez-Cardero Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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. Possible autografts to be used are the hamstring (gracilis and semitendinosus) tendon, bone-patella tendon-bone (BPTB), and quadriceps tendon (with or without a distal bone block). These grafts can be obtained from the injured knee or from the contralateral

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.210057
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 10
Open access
Ali-Asgar Najefi Foot & Ankle Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, UK

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Luckshmana Jeyaseelan Foot & Ankle Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, UK

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Matthew Welck Foot & Ankle Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, UK

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. The hallux sesamoid bones are paired ossicles of the foot. They function as a fulcrum to increase the leverage of both flexor hallucis brevis and longus. The medial sesamoid is typically larger than the lateral sesamoid and sits more distal. The medial

Article Type:
Research Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.180012
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 9
Open access
Mattia Alessio-Mazzola IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Unità Clinica di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Giacomo Placella Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Luigi Zagra Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Orlando Leone Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Natasha Di Fabio Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Desiree Moharamzadeh IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Unità Clinica di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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Vincenzo Salini Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, Milan, Italy

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degenerative joint changes that can result in a varus deformity and articular defects in the posteromedial tibial plateau due to abnormal kinematics and cartilage wear ( 26 , 27 ). These joint deformities represent a specific pattern that significantly differs

Article Type:
Systematic Review
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0069
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 11
Open access