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-mediated osteoblastic differentiation at the non-union site. Besides molecular and cellular events, preclinical studies based in animal models are required to evaluate new treatments for the non-union. To create a non-union model, a critical size defect on a long bone
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critical socioeconomic problem. According to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus statement, osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. 3
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Introduction The growth plate, also known as the physis, is the cartilaginous portion at the ends of long bones where longitudinal growth of the bone takes place. This region of bone is characterized by high metabolic activity and is under the
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aspect of the medial femoral condyle. The goals of treatment are to promote healing of the subchondral bone and prevent chondral collapse, subsequent fracture, osteochondral defect formation and early joint degeneration. Treatment modality depends on the
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Computed Tomography Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
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et al. Temporal and spatial expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in extracorporeal shock wave-promoted healing of segmental defect . Bone 2003 ; 32 : 387 – 396 . 16. Wang FS Wang CJ Chen YJ et al
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Introduction A tarsal coalition is an aberrant connection between two of more tarsal bones. It occurs as a result of lack of mesenchymal segmentation of these tarsal bones due to an embryological failure of joint cleft development. Whilst the
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acids from polar to non-polar, which affects the encoded protein. 7 Sanger sequencing of already-known genes, whole-genome SNP genotyping and exome sequencing were performed to identify underlying genetic defects in a Saudi family with four
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. 90. Mäkinen TJ Abolghasemian M Watts E et al. Management of massive acetabular bone defects in revision arthroplasty of the hip using a reconstruction cage and porous metal augment . J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2017 ; 99-B : 607
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evidence Giannini et al 12 2001 Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Retrospective case series IV Jerosch et al 26 2009 Foot and Ankle Surgery Retrospective case series IV Scharer et al 13 2010
