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when the capsule and ligament constraints have failed completely 5 or when massive bone defects are present. 6 It is uncertain whether the evolution in bone loss reconstruction 7 , 8 and bone fixation methods, or the introduction of
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, La Paz Hospital Health Research Institute – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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size and location of the bone defect and the patient’s demographic characteristics (body mass index [BMI], activity level, age and life expectancy). 3 To successfully perform an rTKA and predict and compare its results, it is essential to correctly
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
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Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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, hardware removal, and placement of an external fixator should be considered until the infection; reconstructive surgery should then be considered, depending on the state of consolidation and the bone defect to be addressed ( 19 ). In cases of bone defects
Ortoklinik & Cankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkey
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Avcilar Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ortoklinik & Cankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkey
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. Allografts are indicated in patients with chronic patellar tendon defects with poor native tissue, significant retraction or failed primary repairs. Fresh-frozen Achilles tendon with bone block or bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts are the most frequently used
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Indications for one-stage revision arthroplasty a) Host/local Non-immunocompromised host Absence of systemic sepsis Minimal bone loss/soft tissue defect allowing for primary wound closure b) Microbiology Isolation of the
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femoral and proximal tibial fractures are relatively common in young patients as a result of high-energy trauma, and in older patients as a result of low-energy trauma. These fractures may lead to malunion or nonunion, bone defects, limb malalignment
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grade 4-5 defect in the lateral femoral condyle associated with a sequestered intra-articular fragment 6 ( Fig. 2 ). Fig. 1 Bone marrow oedema-like signal related to anterior cruciate ligament tear. On a sagittal fluid-sensitive image (PD with
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-related factors, such as younger age and high activity. Empirically, most mechanical or septic loosening can be addressed using standard posterior-stabilized (PS) prostheses combined with defect or fixation augmentation. However, ligament insufficiency and bone
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patients’ activity, the main criteria for treatment choice remain lesion size, defect site, and bone loss ( 18 , 19 ). In cases of bone involvement, OCT is indicated for small (< 2 cm 2 ) defects, and allografts or even sandwich ACI (an ACI lying on bone
Institut du mouvement et de l’appareil locomoteur, Marseille, France
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lesions and superficial fissures and cracks, grade 2 involved cartilage defects with an extension to <50% of the cartilage depth, grade 3 involved lesions with an extension to >50% of the cartilage depth with no subchondral bone involvement, and grade 4
