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Han Ling Tan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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Tunku Sara Ahmad Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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C Sankara Kumar Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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Yohan Khirusman Adnan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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Lai Meng Looi Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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Jayaletchumi Gunasagaran Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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, it has been previously reported to cause scalloping of the underlying bone and block the small joint’s range of motion due to the pressure effect ( 7 ). Demographically, most cases were reported from the Western Hemisphere and Western Europe (UK

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Lars Henrik Frich Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark

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Morten Schultz Larsen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark

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covering the bony subchondral plate and that congruity was reinforced by a fibrous labrum around the glenoid cavity. In a biomechanical study, Frich et al 12 proved that the glenoid fossa comprised a relatively thick subchondral bone plate conveying

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Daniel Herren Schulthess Klinik, Zurich, Switzerland

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osteophytes, definite narrowing of joint space, some sclerosis and possible deformation of bone contour Grade 4: large osteophytes, marked narrowing of joint space, severe sclerosis and definite deformation of bone contour Treatment Non

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Ilse Degreef Department of Orthopaedic, Hand Unit, Leuven University Hospitals, Gasthuisberg, Herestraat, Leuven, Belgium

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Donald H Lalonde Division of Plastic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada

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+ + + + + + − Dynamic surgery − − − +− + + + DB, digit block; WB, wrist block. WALANT local anesthesia is based on two main principles. The first principle is the tumescent injection of a large volume low-concentration lidocaine

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David Eckerdal Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Hendrik Pakosta Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden

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Muhanned Ali Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Isam Atroshi Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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also utilized block randomization ‘allocating blocks of 15 patients equally to both groups’. With regard to blinding, study II was the only study described as blinded and the blinding method was deemed appropriate. Study V is described as blinded, but

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Lars B. Dahlin Department of Translational Medicine - Hand Surgery, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Mikael Wiberg Department of Surgical and Perioperative Science, University Hospital, and Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Sweden

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the axons and the connective tissue are still in continuity. Clinically, this produces a nerve conduction block with disturbed motor and sensory function, which is transient, extending from hours up to a few weeks. The term axonotmesis, introduced by

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Rita Grazina Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Sérgio Teixeira Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica, Reconstrutiva e Estética e Unidade de Queimados, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Portugal

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Renato Ramos Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Henrique Sousa Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Andreia Ferreira Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Rui Lemos Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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treatment under a block with total finger anaesthesia and attribute their results to this fact. 46 On the other hand, pain after treatment was greater in the collagenase group and patients treated with needle fasciotomy had a greater reduction in the

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