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Andrea Fidanza Unit of Orthopaedics and Traumatology - Department of life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Italy
Hand Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Stefano Necozione Unit of Clinical Epidemiology - Department of life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Italy

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Lorenzo Garagnani Hand Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

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Introduction Wrist arthritis, either primary or secondary, is a debilitating condition that often leads to significant limitations in the use of the hand due to chronic wrist pain. When conservative treatment fails, surgical intervention is

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Jonny K. Andersson Department of Hand Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden and Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden

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), followed by carpal collapse, finally ending up in disabling arthritis (scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC)) wrist. 1 It often takes three to 12 months after trauma before dynamic instability develops and SL dissociation is noted radiologically (SL

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Patrick Houvet Institut Français de Chirurgie de la Main, Paris, France

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intercarpal arthrodeses, to clarify the indications for each fusion, to describe the most suitable surgical technique for each fusion, and to provide an overview of outcomes and current concepts. The most common form of degenerative wrist osteoarthritis is

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Lorenzo Massimo Oldrini Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Pietro Feltri Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Jacopo Albanese Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Stefano Lucchina Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Surgical Department - Hand Surgery Unit EOC, Locarno's Regional Hospital, Locarno, Switzerland
Locarno Hand Center, Locarno, Switzerland

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Giuseppe Filardo Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

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Christian Candrian Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

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used ‘(radius OR radial OR wrist fract* OR Colles fract*) AND (plate OR ORIF OR fixation) AND (conservative OR nonsurgical OR non-surgical OR nonoperative OR non-operative OR cast OR splint OR plaster OR immobilisation).’ Inclusion criteria included

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Jonny K Andersson Department of Surgery, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden

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Pelle Gustafson Department of Clinical Sciences – Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
The Swedish National Patient Insurance Company, Stockholm, Sweden

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Philippe Kopylov Department of Clinical Sciences – Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden

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treat acute scaphoid fractures have been long internationally established ( 1 , 2 ). After a fall on an extended hand, with radial wrist pain and pain on palpation at fossa tabatière and/or axial compression of the thumb, an X-ray examination should be

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Maurizio Calcagni University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland

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Thomas Giesen University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland

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-validated and relevant outcome measurement tools such as the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) or the Mayo Wrist Score (MWS). Series with clinical data collected before surgery and similarly at follow

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Dimitrios A. Flevas First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Sophia Syngouna Department of Upper Extremity Surgery and Microsurgery, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Emmanouel Fandridis Department of Upper Extremity Surgery and Microsurgery, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Sotirios Tsiodras Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Andreas F. Mavrogenis First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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penetrating trauma ( Fig. 6 ) or direct inoculation from an existing infection in the neighbouring bones or soft tissues. 4 , 59 – 62 Septic arthritis of the wrist is uncommon, with reported rates ranging from 1.5% to 5%, 63 , 64 Staphylococcus

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Ilse Degreef Department of Orthopaedic, Hand Unit, Leuven University Hospitals, Gasthuisberg, Herestraat, Leuven, Belgium

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Donald H Lalonde Division of Plastic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada

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+ + + + + + − Dynamic surgery − − − +− + + + DB, digit block; WB, wrist block. WALANT local anesthesia is based on two main principles. The first principle is the tumescent injection of a large volume low-concentration lidocaine

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Elena Bravo Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Raul Barco Upper Limb Unit, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Haemophilia Orthopedic Unit, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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joint is the most affected in the upper limb (87%), followed by the glenohumeral and wrist joints. Hand joints are uncommonly affected and rarely produce arthropathy. 10 Treatment of this condition consists of preventing joint bleeding episodes and

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Toni Luokkala Department of Orthopaedics, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland

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Minna K. Laitinen Department of Orthopaedics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Teemu P. Hevonkorpi Department of Orthopaedics, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

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Lauri Raittio Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

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Ville M. Mattila Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Finland

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Antti P. Launonen Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Finland

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fracture, which may be a risk factor for osteoarthritis of the radiocarpal joint. 13 , 14 The clinical examination of soft tissues in the wrist and hand is also important. Soft tissue injuries have been shown to be present in approximately 31% of cases

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