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hyperaemia may be responsible for the increased dimensions during stabilizing treatment. The increase in echogenicity of the labrum, which corresponds to an increase of its fibrous component, suggests a stabilizing role, as the centred femoral head is kept in
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Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
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Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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injuries were non-accidental. Anatomy The ankle joint is made up of the distal portions of the tibia and the fibula, which form a mortise where the superior aspect of the talus articulates, stabilized by the ligament complexes of the
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spontaneous stabilization. Ortolani-positive and Barlow-positive hips that do not stabilize by themselves in four to six weeks should be treated. If the femoral head is dislocated, hip reduction is easier within the first months of life. In a child aged
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to reduced levels of Fas ligand expression. 24 Miyauchi et al reported that oestrogen deficiency stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α in osteoclasts, activates bone resorption and promotes bone loss. 25 These results suggest that
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fractures: treatment algorithm. Note . DISI, dorsal inter-calated segment instability. In vivo studies have demonstrated that control of wrist extension and ulnar deviation is essential to stabilize the fracture site, while immobilization of
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crest, calcaneum, fibula, tibia or adjacent metatarsal. 47 – 49 A dorsal approach is also commonly used for the osteotomy. Kirschner wire or plate is commonly used to stabilize the graft. Synthetic spacers have been used in place of bone grafts in
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to 14 days for the upper extremity and one week longer for lower extremity fractures, i.e. while the fracture becomes stabilized and to prevent soft-tissue bleeding. 18 The fracture management plan should be appropriate for the specific fracture
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management in the UK. Principles of damage control surgery, evacuation pathways and the early use of specialist doctors, blood products and antibiotics to promptly treat, stabilize and transfer soldiers to higher levels of care have been successfully
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fragment ( Fig. 7 ). Finally, the elbow is flexed while pushing the olecranon to the correct extension. Maintaining the elbow in maximum flexion to stabilize the fracture until fixation with percutaneous pinning is performed ( Fig. 6 ). Sometimes
AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland
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Department of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center Murnau, Germany
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National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
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enables stabilization and compression of bones and their fragments during locomotion to resist muscle and joint forces. For non-locking screws, the force applied for tightening is subjectively chosen and controlled by the surgeon. If the torsional force
