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Wen-xi Sun State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Wei-qiang Huang State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hua-yang Li State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hong-shen Wang State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Sheng-li Guo State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Jie Dong Huizhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Huizhou, China

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Bo-lai Chen State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Yong-peng Lin State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for a comprehensive in-depth systematic review and meta-analysis. This study aimed to further clarify whether RSS could enhance efficacy and decrease complications by improving the accuracy of the pedicle screw. In addition

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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Xuelei Zhang Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Chengxin Xie Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Department of Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Luxia Wu Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Guoping Cai Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yu Ren Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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tTXA reduces the amount of bleeding during spinal surgery. Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs claim that tTXA reduces blood loss ( 13 , 14 , 15 ). However, tTXA has also been shown to have no significant effect on reducing blood

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Miguel Relvas-Silva Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal

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Bernardo Sousa Pinto MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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António Sousa Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal

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Miguel Loureiro Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
Hospital das Forças Armadas, Porto, Portugal

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André Rodrigues Pinho Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

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Pedro Pereira NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

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, not otherwise specified; OLIF, oblique lumbar interbody fusion; PLIF, posterior lumbar interbody fusion; PCS, prospective cohort study; RCS, retrospective cohort study; RCT, randomized controlled trial; QE, quasi-experimental; TF, transforaminal; TLIF

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Wai Weng Yoon Spinal Surgery Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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Jonathan Koch Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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been supported by other authors. 12 A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is now underway to clarify indications for surgical treatment. 13 Fig. 1 A 38-year-old semi-professional cyclist with nine-month history of progressive arm weakness

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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Xueli Yan Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yu Ren Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Han Zhang Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Wenjun Pan Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The protocol for this meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (Registration No: CRD 42023459675). Inclusion criteria Study type: randomized controlled trial or cohort

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Tiago P Barbosa Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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Ana Rita Raposo Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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Paulo Diogo Cunha Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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Nuno Cruz Oliveira Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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Armanda Lobarinhas Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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Pedro Varanda Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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Bruno Direito-Santos Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal

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rehabilitation after cervical spine surgery. Rehabilitation management after cervical spine surgery still has a lack of powered randomized controlled trials addressing the effects of rehabilitation on muscular strength, neck-specific functioning, pain, physical

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Juan Manuel Henríquez-Jurado Department of Health Sciences. University of Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain

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María Catalina Osuna-Pérez Department of Health Sciences. University of Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain

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Héctor García-López Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine. University of Almería. Ctra Sacrament s/n, Almería, Spain

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Rafael Lomas-Vega Department of Health Sciences. University of Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain

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María del Carmen López-Ruiz Department of Health Sciences. University of Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain

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Esteban Obrero-Gaitán Department of Health Sciences. University of Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain

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Irene Cortés-Pérez Department of Health Sciences. University of Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain

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), comparators (other therapies, sham, or no-intervention), outcomes (pain intensity, kinesiophobia, associated disability, and hr-QoL), and study design (randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or pilot RCTs). The main keywords used in the search strategy

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Hao-Ran Xu Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yong-Hui Zhang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yi-Li Zheng Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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; RCT, randomized controlled trial; LBP, low back pain. Table 2 Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the effect of MCE on low back pain. Source/intervention vs control Outcomes Result, MD (95% CI

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Jean-Charles Le Huec Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Stephane Bourret Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Wendy Thompson Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Christian Daulouede Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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Thibault Cloché Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux Univ, 33 300 Bordeaux, France

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G Vøllestad N . The efficacy of a treatment program focusing on specific stabilizing exercises for pelvic girdle pain after pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial . Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2004 ; 29 : 351 – 359 . 17

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Junbo He Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

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Tingkui Wu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

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Chen Ding Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Beiyu Wang Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Ying Hong West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/ Department of Anesthesia and Operation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Hao Liu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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reconstruction failures after multilevel cervical corpectomy Sasso, RC 170 9.4 III 78 Results of Cervical Arthroplasty Compared with Anterior Discectomy and Fusion: Four-Year Clinical Outcomes in a Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Sasso

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