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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, “La Paz” University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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review the various prosthetic knee hinge models that have been used since 1975, with the purpose of analysing their indications and results. Table 1. Summary of hinge knee prosthesis designs published in the literature since 1975 Design

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Cheuk Yin Li School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Kenneth Jordan Ng Cheong Chung School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Omar M. E. Ali School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Nicholas D. H. Chung School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Cheuk Heng Li School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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occurs adjacent to the bone–implant interfaces. This may be followed by prosthesis micromotion and further debris particle dissemination. It is unclear whether these biological processes are solely responsible for the loosening of the joint. Osteolysis

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Jun Zhang Department of Orthopedics, Joint Disease and Sport Medicine Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Erhu Li Department of Orthopedics, st People’s Hospital of Xining, Xining, Qinghai, China

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Yuan Zhang Department of Orthopedics, Joint Disease and Sport Medicine Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China

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similar trend has been predicted in other national registries ( 3 , 4 , 5 ). Based on these forecasts, knee surgeons have an urgent requirement for evidence-based guidelines for prosthesis options in managing rTKA. The revision procedure usually

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Lucy C. Walker Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Nick D. Clement Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Kanishka M. Ghosh Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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David J. Deehan Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Measured resection The main principles of measured resection are to replace bony resection with a prosthesis of matched thickness and to determine femoral implant rotation using anatomical landmarks. 1 Bony landmarks (femoral epicondyles, posterior

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Piti Rattanaprichavej Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand

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Patapong Towiwat Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand

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Artit Laoruengthana Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand

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Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Center of Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand

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Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

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aetiology (neuro-syphilis (NS) and non neuro-syphilis (non-NS)), staging of the disease, ataxia status, and prosthesis use. Hence, the objectives of this systematic review aimed (1) to assess the outcomes of TKA performed for CNA in contemporary studies and

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Claudio Legnani IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Sports Traumatology and Minimally Invasive Articular Surgery Center, Milan Italy

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Andrea Parente IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Surgery Center, Milan, Italy

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Franco Parente IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Surgery Center, Milan, Italy

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Alberto Ventura IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Sports Traumatology and Minimally Invasive Articular Surgery Center, Milan Italy

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Medica Database (EMBASE) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL): ((high tibial osteotomy) OR (HTO)) AND ((unicompartmental knee replacement) OR (unicompartmental knee prosthesis) OR (unicompartmental knee arthroplasty) OR

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Ismail Remzi Tözün Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Sarıyer/Istanbul, Turkey

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Vahit Emre Ozden Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Sarıyer/Istanbul, Turkey

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Goksel Dikmen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Sarıyer/Istanbul, Turkey

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Kayahan Karaytuğ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Sarıyer/Istanbul, Turkey

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-acute kidney failure, liver cirrhosis, index surgery, cemented prosthesis, and C-reactive protein values (KLIC score) and acute haematogenous PJIs (CRIME80 score) ( Fig. 3 ). This clinical score should be considered before planning the DAIR intervention. 27

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Paolo Salari Institute for Complex Arthroplasty and Revisions (ICAR), Villa Ulivella Clinic, Florence, Italy

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Andrea Baldini Institute for Complex Arthroplasty and Revisions (ICAR), Villa Ulivella Clinic, Florence, Italy

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-medial or postero-lateral structure deficiency and a hinged prosthesis is required. These types of implants have limited usage among relatively young and active patients because they are associated with increased risk of a secondary revision due to early

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Vikki Wylde Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK

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Neil Artz Department of Allied Health Professions, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK

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Nick Howells North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK

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Ashley W. Blom Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK

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important to evaluate patients’ reasons for their limitations. Studies that have asked patients why they have difficulty kneeling have found that the reasons are multifactorial, including knee pain/discomfort, numbness, fear of harming the prosthesis, co

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Carlos A. Encinas-Ullán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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Primitivo Gómez-Cardero Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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Juan S. Ruiz-Pérez Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Osteoarticular Surgery Research Hospital, La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain

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Revision with replacement of the broken polyethylene component Breakage of the polyethylene yoke of the prosthesis Posterior The maximum amount of distraction before dislocation of the stem occurs is called the ‘jumping distance’. The length

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