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Tamer El-Sobky Division of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

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Shady Mahmoud Division of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

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, delayed diagnosis and consequent delay in institution of definitive treatment, late presentation, poor compliance with antibiotic regimes, high organism virulence and positive findings on joint ultrasound predict a poor long-term prognosis. 2 , 7 , 9

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Abdus S. Burahee The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Andrew D. Sanders The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Colin Shirley The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Dominic M. Power The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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. Akahori O . Cubital tunnel syndrome: grade of palsy and prognosis, and selection of operation [in Japanese] . Orthop Surg Traumatol 1986 ; 29 : 1745 – 1751 . 32. Gu Y . Current status and suggestion of clinical classification

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Abdus S. Burahee The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Andrew D. Sanders The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Dominic M. Power The Peripheral Nerve Injury Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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motor weakness or paralysis and it is not realistic to expect a return to normal. As such, the role of the clinician, to classify the disease severity, provide a prognosis and guide the patient’s expectations, is key to patient satisfaction. Objective

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Martin Clementson Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Anders Björkman Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Niels O. B. Thomsen Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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mandatory to support the surgeon in deciding on treatment as well as to estimate prognosis. Radiographs have been demonstrated to be less reliable to describe fracture morphology and to evaluate displacement. However, CT with the possibility of coronal and

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Alfonso Vaquero-Picado Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Gaspar González-Morán Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Enrique Gil Garay Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Luis Moraleda Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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clinical course, treatment and prognosis are also different. When facing a child with DDH, it is very important to determine whether the hip is concentrically reduced. Classical terms such as ‘congenital dislocation of the hip’ or ‘congenital dysplasia of

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Enrique Gómez-Barrena Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

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Norma G. Padilla-Eguiluz Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

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Philippe Rosset Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie, CHU Tours, Université de Tours, Tours, France

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failure. However, the consolidation cascade 22 is highly variable among individuals and fractures. The general frame of the consolidation process is well known, yet the specific sequence, with its drawbacks and regulation, is modulating the prognosis

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Benjamín Cancino Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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affect the physis, the 1963 Salter–Harris classification system ( Fig. 12 ) is the most widely used for all segments because it is simple and provides a prognosis based on the pattern of injury. 28 In that system type I fractures extend through the

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Javier Masquijo Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina

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Alpesh Kothari Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK

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the lesion. Although there is limited high-quality literature surrounding the optimal management and prognosis of JOCD of the knee, paediatric orthopaedic surgeons can draw upon current best practices outlined by the AAOS and ROCK organizations. 50

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