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Jonny K. Andersson

  • Injuries to the scapholunate joint are the most common cause of carpal instability.

  • An isolated injury to the scapholunate ligament may progress to abnormal joint mechanics and degenerative cartilage changes.

  • Treatment for scapholunate instability is aimed at arresting the degenerative process by restoring ligament continuity and normalising carpal kinematics.

  • Early arthroscopic diagnosis of scapholunate injury is mandatory for establishing the prognosis of the injury, as a proper ligament repair is recommended within four to six weeks after trauma.

  • In this review, anatomy, diagnosis and treatment of scapholunate ligament injury and carpal instability are discussed. Recommendations for treatment based on the stage and classification of injury and the degree of instability and arthritic changes are proposed.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:382–393. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170016

Lars Henrik Frich and Morten Schultz Larsen

influence the prognosis of neck fractures. Medialisation 29 and rotational mal-alignment of the entire glenoid block therefore need special attention. 30 For the extra-articular fractures, the gleno-polar angle (GPA) is commonly used as a

Rita Grazina, Sérgio Teixeira, Renato Ramos, Henrique Sousa, Andreia Ferreira, and Rui Lemos

transverse ligament) that cause contracture of the first web space. 28 , 29 Tubiana et al 25 proposed a classification in an attempt to objectively assess patients and evaluate not only prognosis but also treatment results. The classification

Jonny K Andersson, Pelle Gustafson, and Philippe Kopylov

scaphoid fractures, historically, with long-time immobilization. Most scaphoid fractures are, however, non-displaced or minimally displaced (<1 mm) and have a good prognosis with limited time of immobilization as 90% of them heal in 6 weeks ( 2 ). Only more