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Valeria Pintar St George’s Hospital, London, UK

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Charlotte Brookes St George’s Hospital, London, UK

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Alex Trompeter St George’s Hospital, London, UK
St George’s University of London, UK

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Anna Bridgens St George’s Hospital, London, UK

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Caroline Hing St George’s Hospital, London, UK
St George’s University of London, UK

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Yael Gelfer St George’s Hospital, London, UK
St George’s University of London, UK

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, blood vessels, nerves, and skin ( 2 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ). Tourniquet use has also been associated with increased post-operative pain ( 16 , 17 , 18 ), longer length of hospital stay ( 16 , 19 ), increased risk of wound infection and wound

Article Type:
Systematic Review
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0091
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 1
Open access
Marta Salom Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, La Fe University and Polytechnique Hospital, Valencia, Spain

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Inês Balacó Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Portugal

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with pain. Some benign tumours such as fibrous cortical defects present as an incidental finding when an X-ray is performed, for example, due to a trauma. Normally these asymptomatic lesions are benign but we have to be sure that the radiological

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-24-0031
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Thomas J. Holme St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Marta Karbowiak St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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Magnus Arnander St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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Yael Gelfer St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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-operative rehabilitation protocol; length of follow up; clinical outcomes (patient/clinician reported – including pain, range of motion, time to returning to activity/sport, muscle bulk, strength, complications such as failure of fixation/revision); radiological outcomes

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190082
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 5
Open access
Ignacio Rodriguez Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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María Jesús Tuca Clinica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Clínico Mutual de Seguridad, Santiago, Chile

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tuberosity. The patient presented with Osgood-Schlater’s symptoms for three months prior to the injury. Evaluation The symptoms of tibial tuberosity fracture include the sudden onset of pain, usually during the start of a jump or sprint, an

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190026
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 5
Open access
Manuel Saavedra Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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María Jesús Tuca Clinica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Hospital Clínico Mutual de Seguridad, Santiago, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland

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produces edema and pain; however, it can also cause instability, particularly if it occurs in the posterior horn. 30 The unstable, broken, or subluxated meniscus loses its ability to absorb impact and distribute load. Patients with pain due to a

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190023
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 7
Open access
Djandan Tadum Arthur Vithran Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

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Xu Liu Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Miao He Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Anko Elijah Essien Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Michael Opoku Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Yusheng Li Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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Ming-Qing Li Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China

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achieved by creating a balanced tripod where the centre of pressure is placed so that pain does not occur. These points include the heel, medial front foot, and lateral front foot. Patients with neuromuscular cavovarus often have an underlying muscle

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0086
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 1
Open access
Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
AO Foundation, PAEG Expert Group, Davos, Switzerland

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Cecilia Téllez Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Víctor Villablanca Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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protocol should be executed. A paediatric patient with a distal femur fracture will present pain in the knee on palpation and mobilization, both active and passive, ecchymosis with increased volume, joint effusion, deformity, and impossible weight bearing

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-21-0110
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 4
Open access
Christiaan J A van Bergen Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amphia, Breda, the Netherlands

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Pieter Bas de Witte Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Floor Willeboordse Knowledge Institute of Medical Specialists, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Babette L de Geest Knowledge Institute of Medical Specialists, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Magritha (Margret) M H P Foreman-van Drongelen Department of Hip Sonography, Diagnostiek voor U, Eindhoven, the Netherlands

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Bart J Burger Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North West Hospital Group, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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Yvon M den Hartog Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands

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Joost H van Linge Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Reinier Haga Orthopedic Center, Zoetermeer, the Netherlands

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Renske M Pereboom Dutch Hip Patient Association, Vereniging Afwijkende Heupontwikkeling, Nijkerk, the Netherlands

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Simon G F Robben Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands

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M Adhiambo Witlox Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands

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Melinda M E H Witbreuk Department of Orthopedic Surgery, OLVG, AUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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. DDH may lead to pain, functional limitations and early hip osteo-arthritis, and has huge societal impact ( 2 ). The diagnosis of DDH is based on ultrasound or radiographs. Different classification systems exist. One of the most frequently used

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Paediatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-21-0125
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 7
Open access