Olga Savvidou
Olga Savvidou
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Olympia Papakonstantinou
Olympia Papakonstantinou
Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Eleftheria Lakiotaki
Eleftheria Lakiotaki
First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Ioannis Zafeiris
Ioannis Zafeiris
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Dimitra Melissaridou
Dimitra Melissaridou
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Pinelopi Korkolopoulou
Pinelopi Korkolopoulou
First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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peripheral chondrosarcoma. There are also exceedingly rare descriptions of periosteal Ewing sarcoma. 5 Regarding clinical symptoms, these are non-specific and include pain, local swelling and limited range of motion of the adjacent joint. Pain is usually
Julie J. Willeumier
Julie J. Willeumier
Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Yvette M. van der Linden
Yvette M. van der Linden
Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Michiel A.J. van de Sande
Michiel A.J. van de Sande
Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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P.D. Sander Dijkstra
P.D. Sander Dijkstra
Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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to pain, pathological fractures, immobility, decreased functioning, and hypercalcaemia. Over half of patients experience clinical symptoms for which treatment is required, 3 of whom only a minority are surgically treated. 4 In the long bones
Miklós Szendrői
Miklós Szendrői
Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Üllői 78/b, Hungary
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Imre Antal
Imre Antal
Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Üllői 78/b, Hungary
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Attila Szendrői
Attila Szendrői
Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Üllői 78/b, Hungary
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Áron Lazáry
Áron Lazáry
National Center for Spinal Disorders, H-1126 Budapest, Királyhágó u.1., Hungary
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Péter Pál Varga
Péter Pál Varga
National Center for Spinal Disorders, H-1126 Budapest, Királyhágó u.1., Hungary
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bone. In the past, mostly palliative treatments, radiotherapy and pain relief were favoured. Nowadays, modern diagnostic tools (PET-CT, whole body MRI, etc) are included in the follow-up protocols allowing for early detection of bony metastases. Besides
Catalin Cirstoiu
Catalin Cirstoiu
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Bogdan Cretu
Bogdan Cretu
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Sergiu Iordache
Sergiu Iordache
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Mihnea Popa
Mihnea Popa
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Bogdan Serban
Bogdan Serban
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Adrian Cursaru
Adrian Cursaru
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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years after the diagnosis of a primary neoplasm or at the same presentation. The treatment of a metastatic bone lesion has multiple goals that must be achieved, such as reducing pain, restoring functionality, or maintaining functionality without the
Olga D. Savvidou
Olga D. Savvidou
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Panagiotis Koutsouradis
Panagiotis Koutsouradis
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 417 Veterans Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
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George D. Chloros
George D. Chloros
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Ioannis Papanastasiou
Ioannis Papanastasiou
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Thomas Sarlikiotis
Thomas Sarlikiotis
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Aggelos Kaspiris
Aggelos Kaspiris
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology/ Sector for Bone Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘ATTIKON’ Hospital, Athens, Greece
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-mechanical rest pain, soft tissue swelling, change in size of the mass, fever, night sweats and chills, which would warrant a higher level of suspicion for malignancy. 4 Diagnostic imaging is an important component of the workup of a patient with a
Olga Savvidou
Olga Savvidou
First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
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Olympia Papakonstantinou
Olympia Papakonstantinou
Second Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Eleftheria Lakiotaki
Eleftheria Lakiotaki
First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, LAIKON General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
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Dimitra Melissaridou
Dimitra Melissaridou
First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
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Pinelopi Korkolopoulou
Pinelopi Korkolopoulou
First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, LAIKON General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
First Department of Orthopedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Greece
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Clinical symptoms may differ based on location and phase of MO. Patients usually present with pain, swelling, oedema in superficial lesions and joint stiffness (up to 20% of patients). Pain generally persists longer than would be expected in a simple injury
James Plant
James Plant
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
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Stephen Cannon
Stephen Cannon
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
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history. Current symptoms of malaise, fevers or unremitting pain, especially at night, should ring alarm bells for neoplasia. The pain of primary bone tumours and metastatic bone disease is similar. Initially, a deep-seated dull pain can be intermittent
Elisa Pala
Elisa Pala
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Giulia Trovarelli
Giulia Trovarelli
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Andrea Angelini
Andrea Angelini
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Maria Chiara Cerchiaro
Maria Chiara Cerchiaro
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Pietro Ruggieri
Pietro Ruggieri
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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all bone tumors ( 1 ). ABCs occur in children or adolescents with a mean age of 13 years old, and most of the lesions appear before the age of 30 years ( 8 , 9 ). Common symptoms and signs observed with this lesion are pain, swelling, deformity, and
Maria Beatriz Quaresma
Maria Beatriz Quaresma
Orthopaedics Department, University Hospital Santa Maria – Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
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José Portela
José Portela
Orthopaedics Department, University Hospital Santa Maria – Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
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Joaquim Soares do Brito
Joaquim Soares do Brito
Orthopaedics Department, University Hospital Santa Maria – Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
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females (1:1.5) and a very low incidence – 10.2 per million/year for L-TGCT and 4.1 per million/year in the D-TGCT type. 2 , 4 Patients with TGCT most commonly present with non-specific symptoms such as pain, repeated non-traumatic joint effusions
Ajay Puri
Ajay Puri
Department of Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI, Mumbai
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enchondroma from a low-grade chondrosarcoma. The presence of focal pain is often used to crudely distinguish a chondrosarcoma, but it may be difficult to localize pain in the paediatric population. In a study based on initial clinical and imaging information
