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Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most common orthopaedic techniques performed worldwide. ACL injuries occur with increasing incidence, from approximately 33 cases in 100 000 in 1994 to between 40 and
Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
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Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
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Dom Henrique Research Centre, Portugal
3Bs Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Braga, Portugal
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Introduction The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the most commonly injured knee ligament, and an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most frequently associated injury after an MCL lesion. 1 – 4 Successful outcomes after
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Introduction Understanding the anatomy of the medial side of the knee is essential for a correct diagnosis and treatment of isolated medial collateral ligament (MCL) tears. Conservative treatment of these lesions usually provides good results
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Casa di Cura Villa Betania, Rome, Italy
Marrelli Hospital, Crotone, Italy
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Introduction The posterior oblique ligament (POL) was described for the first time by Hughston and Eilers in 1973 who assigned clinical and biomechanical significance of the knee’s stability to it. 1 Subsequently, however, Robinson et al
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Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
School of Medicine, Minho University, Braga, Portugal
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valgus force to the knee helps to expose the medial compartment during knee arthroscopy, but it is important to consider the potential risk of medial collateral ligament (MCL) rupture or avulsion fracture in the femur. 11 The use of a joint
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries account for over half of all knee injuries sustained during sporting activity, with an estimated annual incidence of 30–78 injuries per 100,000 persons, with rising rates particularly in
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contributed to our understanding of the anatomy and kinematics of the medial structures. The three main static stabilizers on the medial side of the knee are the superficial and the deep medial collateral ligament and the posterior oblique ligament. 2
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Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures have been estimated to occur in 200 000 persons annually in the United States. 1 Most of these patients eventually undergo ACL reconstruction based on continued instability symptoms
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Introduction Most patients suffering from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, especially athletes and physically active populations desiring to return to physical activities, need surgical reconstruction ( 1 ). In fact, the number of
Hospital Sotero del Rio, Santiago, Chile
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Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
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Introduction Knee septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an uncommon but devastating complication, with a reported incidence of 0.14% to 1.7% on the literature. 1 , 2 Even providing state of the art
