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Carsten Perka Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité Medical University Center, Berlin, Germany

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Maziar Mohaddes Hässleholms Hospital, Region Skåne, Hässleholm, Sweden
Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Luigi Zagra Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Axel Ekkernkamp BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
BG Kliniken – Klinikverbund der gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung gGmbH, Berlin, Germany

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Niklas Keller Harding Center for Risk Literacy, University of Potsdam, Faculty of Health Sciences, Potsdam, Germany

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Dirk Stengel BG Kliniken – Klinikverbund der gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung gGmbH, Berlin, Germany

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/or any sort of polyethylene liners. This was operationalized as follows: (i) lower overall revision and/or higher component survival rates, (ii) lower revision rates for infection, and (iii) improved patient-reported function and/or quality of life, at

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Donald J. Davidson Research Department of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University College London, London, UK
Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK

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David Spratt Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK

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Alexander D. Liddle Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
MSK Lab, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Introduction Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most feared complications of arthroplasty surgery due to its resistance to therapy with existing antibiotics. 1 It is a major cause of failure in arthroplasty, being the leading

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Pablo A. Slullitel Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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José I. Oñativia Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Martin A. Buttaro Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Marisa L. Sánchez Infectology Department, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Fernando Comba Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Gerardo Zanotti Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Francisco Piccaluga Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Introduction Being the third most common cause of revision surgery following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) constitutes one of the most undesired complications, with a prevalence of 0.3% to 2

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Andy Craig Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK

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S W King Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK

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B H van Duren Leeds Institute of Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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V T Veysi Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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S Jain Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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J Palan Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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Joint Registry (NJR) data indicating 10-year revision rates of approximately 2% for a number of commonly used prostheses ( 6 ). Nonetheless, prosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a devastating complication. Of all single- and first-stage revisions (of

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Michela Saracco Department of Orthopaedics, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Naples, Italy

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Vincenzo Ciriello Department of Surgery, Orthopaedic and Trauma Unit, S. Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy

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Fabio D’Angelo Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, ASST Dei Sette Laghi, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Luigi Zagra Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Giuseppe Solarino Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, AOU Consorziale ‘Policlinico’, Bari, Italy

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Giandomenico Logroscino Department Life, Health and Environmental Sciences—Mininvasive Orthopaedic Surgery, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

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unknown. In fact, this ‘safety’ time interval between the two procedures is essential to minimize the risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to possible contamination during the previous hip injections. The primary objectives of this literature

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Fabio D’Angelo Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, ASST Sette Laghi, Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Luca Monestier Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy

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Luigi Zagra IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip Department, Milan, Italy

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The estimated mortality rate due to complications of bacterial arthritis is about 11%. Since bacterial sepsis can rapidly destroy the hip joint, prompt diagnosis and treatment are pivotal in management of the infection: 1 hospital admission for

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Prashant Singh London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, UK

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Suroosh Madanipour Barts Health NHS Trust, UK

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Andreas Fontalis St. George’s Hospital NHS Trust, UK

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Jagmeet Singh Bhamra Guy’s and St. Thomas’s NHS Trust, UK

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Hani B. Abdul-Jabar London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, UK

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extraction. The primary outcome for the meta-analysis was the rate of revision surgery following THA. Secondary outcomes included the rate of dislocation, rate of deep tissue infection, mean operation time, length of hospital stay and Harris Hip Score (HSS

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Eustathios Kenanidis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, Hellas, Greece
Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.) – Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.) – Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Balkan Center, Hellas, Greece
Hôpital de la Tour, Geneva, Switzerland

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Konstantinos Kapriniotis Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.) – Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.) – Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Balkan Center, Hellas, Greece

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Panagiotis Anagnostis Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.) – Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.) – Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Balkan Center, Hellas, Greece

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Michael Potoupnis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, Hellas, Greece
Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.) – Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.) – Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Balkan Center, Hellas, Greece

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Panayiotis Christofilopoulos Hôpital de la Tour, Geneva, Switzerland

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Eleftherios Tsiridis Academic Orthopaedic Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, Hellas, Greece
Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.) – Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.) – Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Balkan Center, Hellas, Greece

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head, osteoporosis, pathological fractures and infections, namely septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. 2 , 5 Bony deformities such as marrow hyperplasia, thinning of trabeculae and cortices, as well as sclerotic areas that obliterate the femoral

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Jurek Rafal Tomasz Pietrzak Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Zia Maharaj Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Lipalo Mokete Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nkhodiseni Sikhauli Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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statistics Region People living with HIV New infections in past year Middle East and North Africa 220,000 18,000 Asia and Pacific 5,200,000 280,000 Europe 2,000,000 159,420 • United Kingdom 120,000 6

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Nicolas de l’Escalopier Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, France
Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologie et Chirurgie Réparatrice des Membres, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, France

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Marjorie Salga Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, France

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Laure Gatin Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, France

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François Genêt Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, France

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Philippe Denormandie Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, France

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risks of infection and recurrence. The disease background Two types of central nervous system trauma may lead to the formation of NHO of the hip: traumatic brain injury (TBI) 5 , 6 and spinal cord injury (SCI). 7 Most often, they

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