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David Eckerdal Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Hendrik Pakosta Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden

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Muhanned Ali Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Isam Atroshi Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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morbidity associated with fasciectomy, less invasive techniques such as collagenase injection and percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF) have been increasingly used for treating DD ( 1 , 2 ). Both these methods have been shown to be safe with good short

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Rita Grazina Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Sérgio Teixeira Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica, Reconstrutiva e Estética e Unidade de Queimados, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Portugal

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Renato Ramos Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Henrique Sousa Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Andreia Ferreira Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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Rui Lemos Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal

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discomfort when the flexion deformity is ≥ 15°. 36 Fig. 3. Metacarpophalangeal joint contracture > 30º, a surgical indication. Collagenase This treatment poses as an alternative to surgery which is still the standard of care for

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Önder İ. Kılıçoğlu Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, İstanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey

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Mehmet Demirel Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, İstanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey

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Şamil Aktaş Department of Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine, İstanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey

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that this system is a quick and effective method for debridement. 39 Furthermore, Clostridial collagenase is a novel enzymatic debridement method and that is reported as tolerable and clinically efficacious in achieving a viable wound bed. However

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Fan Wu Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany

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Michael Nerlich Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany

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Denitsa Docheva Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany and Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

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is a slow, continuous process consisting of degradation and deposition of ECM proteins. These primarily include proteoglycans and collagens. Various MMPs, ADAMs and ADAMTSs participate in the tendon repair process. For example, collagenases, such as

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Low-dose dexamethasone during arthroplasty

What do we know about the risks?

Jessica T. Wegener Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Tim Kraal Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center and the Orthopedic Research Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Markus F. Stevens Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Markus W. Hollmann Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Gino M.M.J. Kerkhoffs Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center and the Orthopedic Research Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Daniël Haverkamp Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Slotervaart Ziekenhuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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on the synthesis of collagen type I and III, collagenase, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases . Br J Dermatol 2002 ; 147 : 859 - 68 . 35 Ehrlich HP , Tarver H , Hunt TK . Effects of vitamin A and

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Ilse Degreef Institute for Orthopedic Research and Training (IORT), Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Kira Vande Voorde Institute for Orthopedic Research and Training (IORT), Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Maarten Van Nuffel Institute for Orthopedic Research and Training (IORT), Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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needle fasciotomy and collagenase injections have a faster recovery, but incomplete correction and recurrence are markedly more frequent than open surgery ( 5 ). Fasciectomy can be augmented with skin grafting in cases of incomplete skin closure or to

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Christopher J. Pearce Jurong Health Services Pte Ltd, Singapore

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Audrey Tan Jurong Health Services Pte Ltd, Singapore

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treatment . Disabil Rehabil 2008 ; 30 ; 22 : 1666 - 1676 . 83 Chen YJ , Wang CJ , Yang KD , et al. . Extracorporeal shock waves promote healing of collagenase-induced Achilles tendinitis and increase TGF-beta1 and IGF

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Gerardo Fusco Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
These authors contributed equally to the article and should both be considered first authors

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Francesco M. Gambaro Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
These authors contributed equally to the article and should both be considered first authors

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Berardo Di Matteo Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy
First Moscow State Medical University – Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia

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Elizaveta Kon Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy

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digestion with collagenase and trypsin, but, following safety and regulatory concerns, minimally manipulative methods were developed, 45 exploiting mechanical forces such as centrifugation or microfragmentation in order to obtain a readily injectable

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Andreas F. Mavrogenis First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis D. Megaloikonomos First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Thekla Antoniadou First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Vasilios G. Igoumenou First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Georgios N. Panagopoulos First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Leonidas Dimopoulos First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Konstantinos G. Moulakakis Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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George S. Sfyroeras Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Andreas Lazaris Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Its drawbacks are time and financial cost. Enzymatic debridement involves debridement of necrotic tissue by topical enzymes such as streptokinases, trypsin, papain, fibrinolysin-DNase, collagenase, papainurea and streptodornase. These agents are

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Hamid Rahmatullah Bin Abd Razak Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
Joint first authors

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Daniel Chew Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
Joint first authors

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Zepur Kazezian Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Anthony M.J. Bull Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK

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; 278 : 45539 – 45545 . 51. Dejica VM Mort JS Laverty S et al. Increased type II collagen cleavage by cathepsin K and collagenase activities with aging and osteoarthritis in human articular cartilage . Arthritis

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