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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Xuelei Zhang Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Chengxin Xie Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Department of Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Luxia Wu Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Guoping Cai Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yu Ren Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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tTXA reduces the amount of bleeding during spinal surgery. Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs claim that tTXA reduces blood loss ( 13 , 14 , 15 ). However, tTXA has also been shown to have no significant effect on reducing blood

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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Xueli Yan Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yu Ren Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Han Zhang Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Wenjun Pan Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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during the operation, and the wound bleeding is more ( 4 ). High blood loss not only increases the patient’s need for blood transfusion and prolongs the operation time but can also lead to various postoperative complications such as infection, delayed

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Stijn E. W. Geraets Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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P. Koen Bos Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Johan van der Stok Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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fractures vary from minimally invasive procedures such as intramedullary nailing, to extensive open procedures such as joint replacement. These surgical procedures in themselves can result in significant perioperative blood loss, which might be increased due

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Wen-xi Sun Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hao-nan Liu Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Meng-tong Chen Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Yong-peng Lin Division of Spine Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hong-shen Wang Division of Spine Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Bo-lai Chen Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
Division of Spine Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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follows: (i) postoperative follow-up included at least two of the following reference indicators: operation time, intraoperative blood loss, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Oswestry disability index (ODI) score, number of complications, intervertebral

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Stefan Lazic South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, UK

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Oliver Boughton MSK Lab, Imperial College London, UK

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Catherine F. Kellett South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, UK

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Deiary F. Kader South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, UK

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Loïc Villet Centre de l’arthrose – Clinique du sport, Mérignac, France

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Charles Rivière South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, UK
MSK Lab, Imperial College London, UK

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the past, the combination of chemical and mechanical prophylaxis is recommended. 46 , 47 Blood loss management Post-operative anaemia is a common complication in day-case and inpatient TJA ( Table 1 ) and also requires a multimodal approach

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Ahmed Fikry Elmenshawy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

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Khaled Hamed Salem Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

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conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to detect differences in outcome between cementless and cemented bipolar arthroplasty in femoral neck fractures in elderly patients as regards blood loss, mortality rate, operative time, hospital stay

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Pelle V Wall University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, United States of America

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Brendon C Mitchell Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, West Arbor Drive, California, United States of America

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Canhnghi N Ta Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, West Arbor Drive, California, United States of America

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William T Kent Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, West Arbor Drive, California, United States of America

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surgical blood loss, longer operative time, or inpatient mortality. III Schermann et al. ( 40 ) RCS 1714 Patients on DOACs who underwent CRIF had increased TTS and risk of 1-y mortality than non-AC patients. For both CRIF- and HA

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Andreas Frodl Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany

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Johannes Hauss Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany

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Andreas Fuchs Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany

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Markus Siegel Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany

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Hagen Schmal Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Odense, Odense, Denmark

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Jan Kühle Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany

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.4%) with plate osteosynthesis ( n  = 296). There was no significant difference in rate of non-unions between both groups (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.51–1.85; P  = 0.92) ( Fig. 5 ). Figure 5 Forest plot: non-union. Blood loss and time of

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Faustine Vallon Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland

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Axel Gamulin Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland

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to the femoral shaft. Traditionally, most trochanteric fractures have been fixed with four-hole side plates, but in recent decades, two-hole side plates have been used in an attempt to minimize operative time, surgical dissection, blood loss and post

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Mohsen Raza Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Daniel Murphy Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Yael Gelfer Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
St George’s, University of London, London, UK

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Kalenderer et al, 2019 19 Turkey Prospective case series / 4 10.0 2 Perthes, DDH Femur (proximal) ✓ Not stated ✓ – Development of AVN – Complications – Operation time – Blood loss 12 3 Wei et al, 2019 20

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