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Nikolaos Gougoulias Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK

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Hesham Oshba Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK

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Apostolos Dimitroulias Jacobi Medical Center – Trauma Unit – Bronx, New York, USA

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Anthony Sakellariou Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK

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Alexander Wee Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK

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Introduction Approximately one in eight patients undergoing surgical treatment for rotational ankle fracture is diabetic. 1 , 2 Complications after ankle fracture fixation in diabetics have been shown to vary between 26% and 47% versus

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Vasileios Lampridis Frimley Park Hospital, UK

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Nikolaos Gougoulias Frimley Park Hospital, UK

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Anthony Sakellariou Frimley Park Hospital, UK

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Introduction Management of ankle fractures has evolved over the last 10 years. As scientific (laboratory, cadaveric and clinical) research has led to better understanding of the biomechanics and patho-anatomy of the ankle, this has allowed

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Benjamín Cancino Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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Matías Sepúlveda Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile

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Estefanía Birrer Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia, Chile
Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

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fractures patterns. 1 Ankle fractures account for approximately 5.5% of fractures in paediatric patients, and 15% of physeal injuries. 2 They are twice as common in boys than in girls. 1 Their highest incidence is between the ages of eight and

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Patrick Pflüger Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

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Karl-Friedrich Braun Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery including Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Olivia Mair Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

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Chlodwig Kirchhoff Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

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Peter Biberthaler Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

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Moritz Crönlein Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

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plantarflexion. Motions in the transverse (internal/external rotation) and coronal plane (varus/valgus) are coupled with motions in the sagittal plane. 24 Epidemiology Ankle fractures are common and account for up to 10% of all bone injuries with a

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Stefan Rammelt University Center of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany

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Both the incidence and severity of ankle fractures in elderly patients with considerable comorbidity is rising steadily in most European countries. 1 The patients are predominately women with considerable comorbidities including

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Jan Bartoníček Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, U Vojenské Nemocnice, Prague, Czech Republic

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Stefan Rammelt University Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse, Dresden, Germany

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Michal Tuček Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, U Vojenské Nemocnice, Prague, Czech Republic

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Introduction Bosworth fracture (BF) is a special type of locked ankle fracture-dislocation, characterized by displacement of a fragment of the fractured fibula from the fibular notch (FN) behind the posterior surface of the distal tibia ( Fig

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Michael J Raschke Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany

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Sabine Ochman Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany

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Alexander Milstrey Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany

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Epidemiology Ankle fractures are very common, with an annual incidence of 74 per 100 000 people and a mean age of 56 years in Germany ( 1 ). Interestingly, 60% of the fractures occur in women with an increase of the incidence between the age

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Patrick Ziegler BG Klinik Tübingen, Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Klinik Gut, St. Moritz, Switzerland

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Christian Bahrs Schön Klinik Neustadt, Neustadt in Holstein, Germany

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Christian Konrads Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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Philipp Hemmann BG Klinik Tübingen, Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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Marc-Daniel Ahrend BG Klinik Tübingen, Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Switzerland

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Introduction Ankle fractures represent one of the most common injuries in elderly patients combined with a major health care burden as the elderly population is expected to more than double by the year 2050 ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). The overall 1

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Bart A Swierstra Medical Guidelines, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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W Annefloor van Enst Medical Guidelines, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction Risks for the future are a source of concern for any trauma patient and are included in the settlement of personal injury claims. In the case of ankle fractures, this mainly concerns the risk of osteoarthritis and the resulting

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Victor Lu School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

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Maria Tennyson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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Andrew Zhou School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

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Ravi Patel Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, UK

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Mary D Fortune Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

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Azeem Thahir Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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Matija Krkovic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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risk of wound dehiscence or infection ( 9 ). This study aims to provide a comprehensive review with a detailed meta-analysis of the current evidence for using a TTC nail as the primary surgical option to treat fragility ankle fractures in the elderly

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